Question: A) You successfully completed statistics, and the Math Department Chai

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Question: A) You successfully completed statistics, and the Math Department Chair recruited you to be a tea... A) You successfully completed statistics, and the Math Department Chair recruited you to be a teacher. It’s day one on the job, and your first pupil is correcting her mistakes on a recent statistics exam. She incorrectly listed the reasons that researchers use random sampling when conducting a survey. She wants to know why researchers should use a random sample to conduct a survey. Check all that apply. 1)A random sample is likely to avoid bias. 2)In a random sample some members of the population are more likely to be selected than others. 3)Random samples provide consistency and systematically favor one choice over every other choice in each survey question. 4)Random sampling will provide a more representative sample of population. 5)Researchers can use a random sample to draw conclusions about the population. B) For years doctors have used a laser to drill holes in the hearts of patients with severe untreatable angina (chest pain). Many patients have reported a lasting and dramatic decrease in chest pain after undergoing the laser procedure. Doctors have never fully understood why the laser procedure works to relieve angina. Martin Leon, MD, at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York led a randomized experiment to test the effectiveness of this laser procedure. The trial consisted of 500 patients with severe untreatable angina across 25 clinics. The patients were randomly assigned to either the laser treatment or a placebo. The surgical procedures were identical. Patients were sedated but awake and a small incision was made in the skin. During the procedure, the patient could hear the surgeons discussing the laser process and see projections with elaborate visual effects of the patient’s heart. Each patient was convinced that the surgery was real. The placebo worked as well as the real laser procedure. "There was absolutely no difference," says lead investigator Dr. Leon. Leon made his presentation at the Transcatheter Cardiovascular Therapeutics 2000 international meeting. What can we conclude from this experiment? 1)The placebo effect is not present in this experiment because there was no difference between the laser procedure and the placebo. 2)The placebo effect explains the effectiveness of the laser procedure. 3)The results are not reliable because the doctors deceived the patients.

Explanation / Answer

A) why researchers should use a random sample to conduct a survey. Check all that apply.

Answer: 1)A random sample is likely to avoid bias.

4)Random sampling will provide a more representative sample of population.

5)Researchers can use a random sample to draw conclusions about the population.

B)

Answer: 1)The placebo effect is not present in this experiment because there was no difference between the laser procedure and the placebo.

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