Question 2 (5 pts) See Figure 5 showing the frequency of the carnivore morph in

Question

Question 2 (5 pts) See Figure 5 showing the frequency of the carnivore morph in the New Mexico spadefoot toad, S. multiplicata, and the Plains spadefoot toad, S. bombifrons, in both the high- and the low-elevation ponds in southeastern Arizona. What evidence supports character displacement operating on S. multiplicata? 25 24 S. multiplicata S.bombifrons 0.75 18 49 E 0.5 181 52 8 0.25 28 37 15 19 HS EM MB TR FE AP FT SD SH Pure-species pondsMixed-species ponds Pond Figure 5 Proportion of wild-caught tadpoles of each species expressing the carnivore morphology (height of bar) in nine different natural ponds: five high-elevation ponds where S. multiplicata was the only Spea species present, and four low-elevation ponds where both S. multiplicata and S. bombi ons were present, there were no S. multiplicata camivores in ponds AP and SH. Number above each bar is the number of tadpoles of each species sampled.

Explanation / Answer

Ans:

Character displacement is the phenomenon where differences among similar species whose distributions overlap geographically are accentuated in regions where the species co-occur but are minimized or lost where the species distributions do not overlap. This pattern results from evolutionary change driven by biological competition among species for a limited resource.

In mixed species ponds, the number of S. multiplicata species decreases due to the competition with S. bombifrons

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