Near the top of the troposphere, what forces balance to describe the movement of

Question

Near the top of the troposphere, what forces balance to describe the movement of air masses?

Which is the largest sink of CO2 in the Earth System (on small time scales)?

For which event would you expect to see higher precipitation over the Eastern Pacific, drier conditions over Australia, and warmer conditions in the midlatitudes?

What is the name given to the temperature-dependent transmission of energy by objects?

If there is a wind moving north along the California coast, Ekman transport dictates what ocean current and fishing conditions

Explanation / Answer

1.the forces which drive the movement of rhe air masses near the top of the atmosphere are temperature,pressure gradient force and coriolis force.The pressure gradient force results from temperature difference which further leads to differences in pressure.Regions having higher temperature have low pressure whereas those having lower temperature have high pressure.This drives the air to move from high pressure cells to low pressure cells creating wind.The coriolis force dictates the direction of the wind in the two hemispheres.Due to this force,winds are deflected to the right in the northern hemisphere and to the left in the southern hemisphere.

2. The Ocean is the largest sink of CO2 in the Earth System

3.During the El-Nino years ,one can expect to o see higher precipitation over the Eastern Pacific, drier conditions over Australia, and warmer conditions in the midlatitudes.

4.Conduction is the name given to the temperature-dependent transmission of energy by objects.

5. When wind moves north along the California coast,Ekman transport causes the surface water to move away from the shore causing upowelling of water at the coast.Upwelling waters may originate below the pycnocline and are therefore colder than the surface waters they replace.Where the thermocline is shallow, the upwelling waters are usually rich in the dissolved nutrients (e.g., nitrogen and phosphate compounds) required for phytoplankton growth.Since phytoplankton form the base of marine food webs,fishing conditions become very favourable in areas of coastal upwelling that bring cold nutrient rich waters to the surface

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