Academic Integrity: tutoring, explanations, and feedback — we don’t complete graded work or submit on a student’s behalf.

Let n belong to the set of positive integers and let ~ be defined on the set of

ID: 2943178 • Letter: L

Question

Let n belong to the set of positive integers and let ~ be defined on the set of integers by r~s if and only if r-s is divisible by n, that is, if and only if, r-s=nq for some q in the set of integers. Here is question number 3: Determine whether the relation R defined on the set of real numbers R as follows: For all x,y in the set of real numbers R, xRy iff the absolute value of x-y <=3, is an equivalence relation. That is xRy iff [x-y]<=3. The brackets are a substitute for the absolute value bars. Nothing special about the brackets.Again, they are supposed to be absolute value bars.

Explanation / Answer

GIVEN

X R Y ...DEFINED BY |X-Y|<=3

TPT

R IS AN EQUIVALENCE RELATION

1. REFLEXIVE..

IF A IS ANY ELEMENT IN THE SET THEN [A,A] IS AN ELEMENT IN THE RELATION ....

THAT IS TPT ..

|A-A|<= 3 ....OK.....

2. SYMMETRIC ....

IF A R B THEN TPT B R A ..

WE HAVE

|A-B| <= 3

BUT

|A-B|=|B-A| ..SO IT IS <= 3 ....OK

3.TRANSITIVE

IF A R B AND B RC TPT A R C

THAT IS WE HAVE

|A-B|<=3

|B-C|<=3

TO CHECK IF |A-C|<= 3 ...

IT IS NOT CORRECT SINCE TAKING A=4 , B = 2 AND C=0 WE HAVE

|A-B|=2<=0...OK

|B-C|=2<=0....OK

BUT

|A-C|=4>3 ...SO

THE GIVEN RELATION IS NOT REFLEXIVE ..