Climate: What causes the urban island heat effect? What is the effect of having
ID: 294631 • Letter: C
Question
Climate: What causes the urban island heat effect? What is the effect of having little surface water present in cities? What is a humid continental climate characterized by? What is the three-cell model of global wind circulation? What pressure zones are associated with which areas? What is a marine coast climate characterized by? What are the trade winds? Westerlies? Polar easterlies? Where do they exist? What happens to descending air at the horse latitudes? .Where do the world's deserts lie? What are jet streams and why do storms occur near them? What is a desert climate characterized by, in terms of temperature & precipitation?Explanation / Answer
1.The main cause of the urban heat island effect is from the modification of land surfaces. Waste heat generated by energy usage is a secondary contributor.
The development of new residential and industrial areas has changed the natural
landscape and influenced adversely the surface water, soil water and groundwater
regimes of the city. One result of the urbanization is the change in the relative
proportions of runoff, recharge, interflow (soil water and the unsaturated zone) and
évapotranspiration.
2 . Humid continental climate is characterized by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters.
3.The global circulation can be defined as the world-wide system of winds by which the necessary transport of heat from tropical to polar latitudes is accomplished. In each hemisphere there are three cells (Hadley cell, Ferrel cell and Polar cell) in which air circulates through the entire depth of the troposphere.
4 Marine west coast climate is characterized by equable climates with few extremes of temperature and ample precipitation in all months.
5. The trade winds can be defined as they are the prevailing pattern of easterly surface winds found in the tropics, within the lower portion of the Earth's atmosphere, in the lower section of the troposphere near the Earth's equator.
Westerlies are the belt of prevailing westerly winds in medium latitudes in the southern hemisphere.
The polar easterlies are the dry, cold prevailing winds that blow from the high-pressure areas of the polar highs at the North and South Poles.Occur at 60 degrees north and south latitude warm air is rising creating low pressure areas.
7. World's desert lie at Western margin of the continent.
The deserts lie in the belt of the trade winds which blow from northeast in the northern hemisphere and southeast in the southern hemisphere.
8. Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow, meandering air currents in the atmospheres of some planets, including earth .
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