Some Review Plate Tectonics Theory: The lithosphere (crust + solid uppermost man
ID: 299221 • Letter: S
Question
Some Review Plate Tectonics Theory:
The lithosphere (crust + solid uppermost mantle) is fractured into approximately 12 lithosphere plates (tectonic plates), which are in motion relative to each other. The plates interact at their boundaries (outer edges). These interactions result in most of the major geological features on the planet, such as volcanoes, mountain ranges, earthquakes, ocean trenches, sea floor spreading zones and mid-ocean ridges.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Sea floor spreading
There are 3 basic types of plate boundary interactions:
Upwelling
magma
1) Divergent plate boundaries (plates move apart from each other);
SIDE VIEW
````` Results: Sea floor spreading zone, mid-ocean ridge, earthquakes,
volcanoes and hydrothermal vents (Sea water seeps down rock
fractures where it is heated by magma and returns to the sea
floor as hot springs).
SIDE VIEW
Melting
2) Convergent plate boundaries (two plates move toward each other):
Subduction of
ocean plate
a. Ocean-continent plate convergence:
Results in subduction of the ocean plate (denser), volcanoes
on the adjacent (non-subducting) plate, ocean trench and
SIDE VIEW
earthquakes.
Melting
b. Ocean-ocean plate convergence:
Subduction of
ocean plate
Results in subduction of one of the ocean plates, island arc
(volcanoes on the non-subducting plate), ocean trench and
SIDE VIEW
Earthquakes.
c. Continent-continent plate convergence:
No subduction
No magma
Results in smashup rather than subduction, mountain building
and earthquakes but no volcanoes (no subduction).
TOP VIEW
No subduction
No magma
3) Transform plate boundaries (plates move past one another in opposite directions)
Result: Earthquakes, no mountains (usually) and no volcanoes.
___________________________________________________________________________________
ØThe following questions are based on the handout world map of tectonic plates.
1a. What type of boundary is the San Andreas Fault in California?
a) convergent b) divergent c) transform
1b. What landforms and/or occurrences would you expect along the San Andreas Fault?
a. volcanoes b. earthquakes c. sea floor spreading d. all of the above
1c. List the names of three other locations were significant transform boundaries are found.
Find the locations on the map of tectonic plates, then figure out names of these locations. You may have to look up some of the place names. (Hint: 20N, 80W / 50S, 30E). Not all transform faults on the map have accompanying arrows.
2a. Where is the eastern boundary of the North American Plate?
2b. What plate tectonic feature in California is the western boundary of the North American Plate?
3. The Andes Mountains are a series of tall volcanoes along the western edge of the continent of South American. Based on plate tectonics theory, what is the explanation for this long line of volcanoes at this location? Include in your answer, the names of the tectonic plates that are involved.
4. Aleutian Islands are located parallel to the Aleutian Trench which is the result of Pacific Plate subduction beneath the North American Plate in the North Pacific Ocean. On which plate are the Aleutian Islands located?
a) Pacific Plate b) North American Plate c) Cannot be determined
5a. The deepest place on the ocean floor is the Mariana Trench, which is located at the boundary of the Pacific Plate and the Philippine Plate. The trench is the result of what type of plate boundary interaction?
5b. Mariana Islands are an island arc found near the Mariana Trench. This long line of volcanic islands is the result of a plate boundary interaction. On which plate are these islands located?
6a. At the country of India, a continental section of the Indian-Australian Plate interacts with the continental section of the Eurasian Plate.
ØIn this instance, the map key has it wrong, there is no subduction here.
What type of plate boundary interaction is this?
6b.What huge landscape feature is the result of this interaction? (Look at world physical map if you need help with this.)
Some Review Plate Tectonics Theory:
The lithosphere (crust + solid uppermost mantle) is fractured into approximately 12 lithosphere plates (tectonic plates), which are in motion relative to each other. The plates interact at their boundaries (outer edges). These interactions result in most of the major geological features on the planet, such as volcanoes, mountain ranges, earthquakes, ocean trenches, sea floor spreading zones and mid-ocean ridges.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Sea floor spreading
There are 3 basic types of plate boundary interactions:
Upwelling
magma
1) Divergent plate boundaries (plates move apart from each other);
SIDE VIEW
````` Results: Sea floor spreading zone, mid-ocean ridge, earthquakes,
volcanoes and hydrothermal vents (Sea water seeps down rock
fractures where it is heated by magma and returns to the sea
floor as hot springs).
SIDE VIEW
Melting
2) Convergent plate boundaries (two plates move toward each other):
Subduction of
ocean plate
a. Ocean-continent plate convergence:
Results in subduction of the ocean plate (denser), volcanoes
on the adjacent (non-subducting) plate, ocean trench and
SIDE VIEW
earthquakes.
Melting
b. Ocean-ocean plate convergence:
Subduction of
ocean plate
Results in subduction of one of the ocean plates, island arc
(volcanoes on the non-subducting plate), ocean trench and
SIDE VIEW
Earthquakes.
c. Continent-continent plate convergence:
No subduction
No magma
Results in smashup rather than subduction, mountain building
and earthquakes but no volcanoes (no subduction).
TOP VIEW
No subduction
No magma
3) Transform plate boundaries (plates move past one another in opposite directions)
Result: Earthquakes, no mountains (usually) and no volcanoes.
___________________________________________________________________________________
ØThe following questions are based on the handout world map of tectonic plates.
1a. What type of boundary is the San Andreas Fault in California?
a) convergent b) divergent c) transform
1b. What landforms and/or occurrences would you expect along the San Andreas Fault?
a. volcanoes b. earthquakes c. sea floor spreading d. all of the above
1c. List the names of three other locations were significant transform boundaries are found.
Find the locations on the map of tectonic plates, then figure out names of these locations. You may have to look up some of the place names. (Hint: 20N, 80W / 50S, 30E). Not all transform faults on the map have accompanying arrows.
2a. Where is the eastern boundary of the North American Plate?
2b. What plate tectonic feature in California is the western boundary of the North American Plate?
3. The Andes Mountains are a series of tall volcanoes along the western edge of the continent of South American. Based on plate tectonics theory, what is the explanation for this long line of volcanoes at this location? Include in your answer, the names of the tectonic plates that are involved.
4. Aleutian Islands are located parallel to the Aleutian Trench which is the result of Pacific Plate subduction beneath the North American Plate in the North Pacific Ocean. On which plate are the Aleutian Islands located?
a) Pacific Plate b) North American Plate c) Cannot be determined
5a. The deepest place on the ocean floor is the Mariana Trench, which is located at the boundary of the Pacific Plate and the Philippine Plate. The trench is the result of what type of plate boundary interaction?
5b. Mariana Islands are an island arc found near the Mariana Trench. This long line of volcanic islands is the result of a plate boundary interaction. On which plate are these islands located?
6a. At the country of India, a continental section of the Indian-Australian Plate interacts with the continental section of the Eurasian Plate.
ØIn this instance, the map key has it wrong, there is no subduction here.
What type of plate boundary interaction is this?
6b.What huge landscape feature is the result of this interaction? (Look at world physical map if you need help with this.)
Some Review Plate Tectonics Theory:
The lithosphere (crust + solid uppermost mantle) is fractured into approximately 12 lithosphere plates (tectonic plates), which are in motion relative to each other. The plates interact at their boundaries (outer edges). These interactions result in most of the major geological features on the planet, such as volcanoes, mountain ranges, earthquakes, ocean trenches, sea floor spreading zones and mid-ocean ridges.
__________________________________________________________________________________
Sea floor spreading
There are 3 basic types of plate boundary interactions:
Upwelling
magma
1) Divergent plate boundaries (plates move apart from each other);
SIDE VIEW
````` Results: Sea floor spreading zone, mid-ocean ridge, earthquakes,
volcanoes and hydrothermal vents (Sea water seeps down rock
fractures where it is heated by magma and returns to the sea
floor as hot springs).
SIDE VIEW
Melting
2) Convergent plate boundaries (two plates move toward each other):
Subduction of
ocean plate
a. Ocean-continent plate convergence:
Results in subduction of the ocean plate (denser), volcanoes
on the adjacent (non-subducting) plate, ocean trench and
SIDE VIEW
earthquakes.
Melting
b. Ocean-ocean plate convergence:
Subduction of
ocean plate
Results in subduction of one of the ocean plates, island arc
(volcanoes on the non-subducting plate), ocean trench and
SIDE VIEW
Earthquakes.
c. Continent-continent plate convergence:
No subduction
No magma
Results in smashup rather than subduction, mountain building
and earthquakes but no volcanoes (no subduction).
TOP VIEW
No subduction
No magma
3) Transform plate boundaries (plates move past one another in opposite directions)
Result: Earthquakes, no mountains (usually) and no volcanoes.
___________________________________________________________________________________
ØThe following questions are based on the handout world map of tectonic plates.
1a. What type of boundary is the San Andreas Fault in California?
a) convergent b) divergent c) transform
1b. What landforms and/or occurrences would you expect along the San Andreas Fault?
a. volcanoes b. earthquakes c. sea floor spreading d. all of the above
1c. List the names of three other locations were significant transform boundaries are found.
Find the locations on the map of tectonic plates, then figure out names of these locations. You may have to look up some of the place names. (Hint: 20N, 80W / 50S, 30E). Not all transform faults on the map have accompanying arrows.
2a. Where is the eastern boundary of the North American Plate?
2b. What plate tectonic feature in California is the western boundary of the North American Plate?
3. The Andes Mountains are a series of tall volcanoes along the western edge of the continent of South American. Based on plate tectonics theory, what is the explanation for this long line of volcanoes at this location? Include in your answer, the names of the tectonic plates that are involved.
4. Aleutian Islands are located parallel to the Aleutian Trench which is the result of Pacific Plate subduction beneath the North American Plate in the North Pacific Ocean. On which plate are the Aleutian Islands located?
a) Pacific Plate b) North American Plate c) Cannot be determined
5a. The deepest place on the ocean floor is the Mariana Trench, which is located at the boundary of the Pacific Plate and the Philippine Plate. The trench is the result of what type of plate boundary interaction?
5b. Mariana Islands are an island arc found near the Mariana Trench. This long line of volcanic islands is the result of a plate boundary interaction. On which plate are these islands located?
6a. At the country of India, a continental section of the Indian-Australian Plate interacts with the continental section of the Eurasian Plate.
ØIn this instance, the map key has it wrong, there is no subduction here.
What type of plate boundary interaction is this?
6b.What huge landscape feature is the result of this interaction? (Look at world physical map if you need help with this.)
Sea floor spreading
Explanation / Answer
1a) answer : c) trnsform fault
explanation : It is right lateral strike slip fault of the boundery between Pacipic and North American plate.
1b) answer : b) earthquakes
explanation: The transform faults are nor constructive or distructive, these are called conservative bounderies and only associated with shollow focus earthquake.
1c) a) Queen Charlotte Fault on the Pacific Northwest coast of North America
b) New Zealand's Alpine Fault.
c) The Dead Sea Transform (DST) fault.
2a) The eastern boudery of north american plate is asoociated with mid atlantic ridge, it is the boudery between NorthAmerica and South American plates and is located 16oN near Fifteen twenty frature zone.
2b)The western boundery of North Aerican palte along the Gulf of California is complex. It is associated with the Gulf of California Rift Zone, and also some series of rift basins and transform fault segments between the northern end of the East Pacific Rise in the mouth of the gulf to the San Andreas Fault system.
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