Fluid Mechanics The sketch shows the EGL (Energy Grade Line) and HGL (Hydraulic
ID: 2994703 • Letter: F
Question
Fluid Mechanics
The sketch shows the EGL (Energy Grade Line) and HGL (Hydraulic Grade Line) for the tank and pipe system. (The end of the pipe at right is labeled "E"). In the sketch, pipe sizes are NOT drawn to scale. Does this appear to be frictionless or frictional flow? Indicate which of the two lines is the EGL and which is the HGL. Are all the pipes the same size? If not, which one is the smallest? Is there any point in the system where the pressure is below atmospheric pressure? If so, where? Where is the point of maximum pressure in the system? Where is the point of minimum pressure in the system? What do you think is located at the end of the pipe at point E? Is the air pressure in the tank above or below atmospheric pressure? What do you think is located at point B?Explanation / Answer
A) . IT is a frictional flow as for a fluid flow without any losses due to friction (major losses) or components (minor losses) - the energy line would be at a constant level. But here energy line has slope .Hence it is a frictional flow
B)The hydraulic grade line lies one velocity head below the the energy line . So lower dashed line is hydraulic line.
C)Slope of EGL is smallest for BC pipe,so minimum loss occurs at it and for this it has to be smallest in size.
D)Pressure is not below atmospheric pressure.
E)Point A has maximum pressure.
F)Minimum pressure is at outlet.
g)Nozzle is located at end of point E.
H)Pressure at any point at surface below the water level in tank is higher than atmospheric pressure.
I)Enlargement of pipe occurs at point B.
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