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S2018 BIO 112 EXAM 1 -Evolution I 2. Case Study-8 points n activities are causin

ID: 300639 • Letter: S

Question

S2018 BIO 112 EXAM 1 -Evolution I 2. Case Study-8 points n activities are causing the fragmentation of the Brazilian rain forest. One consequence is that toucans have become extinct for nearly so) in some of the forest fragments A) Toucans more than a kilometer away. If there Hint: Select TWO disperse seeds of jucara palms by eating the tree's fruit and defecating the seeds in new locations, sometimes are NO toucans, is the genetic diversity of the palm populations likely to increase or decrease? Why? . Assume that jucara palms in each forest fragment are distinct populations responses from the answer bank and write those NUMBERS in the blanks below to complete your answer ANSWER BANK, Part A 1) INCREASE sedue to inmeUnt2) DECREASE Your Answer: Genetic diversity in the palms will )3) increased mutation rate 4) increased natural selection 5) decreased gene flow 6) decreased genetic drift B) Toucans can eat fruits with large seeds (due to their large bills) whereas most other | 7?ncreased gene flow birds can only eat smaller seeds. Ecologists measured the seed size of palms in forest 8) decreased sexual selection fragments WITH and WITHOUT toucans, as shown in the graphs below. Based on these 9) increased genetic drift data, estimate average seed size for a forest fragment with toucans present and toucans absent. Hint: write your answers below in the bianks 10) decreased natural selection 11) increased mutation rate Toucans present Toucans absent Average Seed Size 80 25 Toucans Present: 15 10 Toucans Absent: 8 10 12 14 8 10 12 14 Seed diameter (mm) C) Refer to the graph above and answer the following questions: In the presence of toucans, which type of seeds (small or large) experience positive selection? Tbung al What type of selection do we observe in these data D) Large palm seeds carry more resources than small seeds and tend to have a higher rate of survival, especially after being dispersed by a bird. How will the fitness of jucara palm trees beimpactéd by local extinction of toucans? Hint: Do you expect jucara palm trees to have higher or lower fitness oucans are absent? Why?

Explanation / Answer

1) D. All the above are the evidence for evolution

2) D. Lower layer

The oldest fossils in the bottom and the youngest fossils in the top of the rock. Because sediments sometimes include once living organisms and then it turns into rocks

3) C. Survival and reproduce

The individual that adapt itself according to the enviornment is known as survival of the fittest.

4) C. Human embryos share a common ancestor who had gills.

5) A. Kingdom

It is the largest and most inclusive grouping which consists of all the organisms that share just a few basic similarities.

6)D. Inherited the gene that makes it resistant to an herbicide.

7) C. Under particular circumstances that persisted over long period of time, each of that structures presented greater costs than benefits.

8) C. Individual; Population

Natural selection is done on individual in which its genetic variations occurs and thus due to genetic mutation its offsprings will be genetically mutated and thus new population evolve.

9) D. Survival of the fittest

It causes better match between organism and enviornment

10) D. Sister taxa

It has more than two immediate descendents So known as sister taxa

11) D. Change in gene frequency in a population.

As evolution occurs due to genetic mutation

12) B. Interbreeding members of same species.

13) D. Earth is a few thousand years old, and population are unchanging.

14)D. Continental drift

15) C. They should share fewer homologous structure than two more closely related organisms