Valid or Invalid? 1) p / p • p 2) ~(p • q), ~q / p Equivalent? 3) “p q” and “ ~p

Question

Valid or Invalid?
1)    p / p • p
2) ~(p • q), ~q / p
Equivalent?
3) “p q” and “ ~p V q”
4) “ ~(p V q)” and “ ~ p ~ q”
Tautology, Contradiction, or Contingent Proposition?
5) p V ~ p
6) [(p q) p] q
Valid or Invalid? (Again)
      7)       Word Problem:
You can only serve either God or money and you can’t serve both. Therefore, if you are not serving money you must be serving God. (G, M)






Word Problem:
If the world is the workmanship of an all-good creator, and of an all-powerful creator, then there is no tragedy in the world. But the world is full of tragedy! Therefore, either it is not the workmanship of an all-good creator, or it is not the workmanship of an all-powerful creator. (G, P, T)

Explanation / Answer

note : only one question allowed per submission

1)    p / p • p

invalid : If an argument is invalid, then it is possible for the conclusion to be false even if all the premises are true.

here the above argument is invalid, since the statements do not comply any standard form.

assuming your is negation

and  • is "therefore" the whole statement reads p &notp implies p which is not at all a valid argument.

example

p: x is a boy

not p : x is not a boy

then p and not p implies p suggests that

p is a boy , which is not correct

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