Control method Type (physical/ chemical/ mechanical Cellular target (whole cell/

Question

Control method

Type (physical/ chemical/ mechanical

Cellular target

(whole cell/ cell wall/ ribosomes/etc)

Mode of treatment

(sterilization / disinfection / etc)

Objects used on

Direct flame/ Incineration

PHYSICAL AGENT

Halogens

-cholrine

-iodine

Boiling water

PHYSICAL AGENT

Alcohol

CHEMICAL AGENT

MOST BACTERIA, VIRUSES, FUNGI

UV light

Autoclave

Pasteurization

Phenol

Cold temperatures

Heavy metals

Filtration

Acids

X-rays or ionizing radiation

Fomaldehyde

Hydrogen peroxide

Soap and detergent

Control method

Type (physical/ chemical/ mechanical

Cellular target

(whole cell/ cell wall/ ribosomes/etc)

Mode of treatment

(sterilization / disinfection / etc)

Objects used on

Direct flame/ Incineration

PHYSICAL AGENT

Halogens

-cholrine

-iodine

Boiling water

PHYSICAL AGENT

Alcohol

CHEMICAL AGENT

MOST BACTERIA, VIRUSES, FUNGI

UV light

Autoclave

Pasteurization

Phenol

Cold temperatures

Heavy metals

Filtration

Acids

X-rays or ionizing radiation

Fomaldehyde

Hydrogen peroxide

Soap and detergent

Explanation / Answer

Answere :

Direct flame/ incineration : Physical agent, kill vegetative form of bacteria but not endospore, Sterilization, nonflammable material such as loops, scissor etc.

Halogen-Chlorine and iodine : Chemical agent, oxidizing cell constituents and kill whole cells, disinfactant, disinfacting water and apply on injury area.

Boiling water : Physical agent, denature proteins and kill whole cell, sterilization, cooking purpose and prepration of media

Alcohol : Chemical agent, solublize lipids and denature proteins, Disinfactant, Disinfacting hand and apply on laboratory surfaces.

UV light : Physical agent, Kill whole cell by forming thymine dimer, sterilization, surface sterilization of equipements.

Autoclave : Physical agent, kill whole cell by denaturing protein, sterilization, sterilization of microbiological media, heat-stable medical equipement.

Pasteurization : Physical agent, denature protein and alter mrmbrane, sterilization, prevent spoilage of food, milk, juice etc.

Phenol : Chemical agent, denaturation of protein, disinfactant, used on laboraratory equipements..

Cold temprature : Physical agent, stop metabolism and may kill whole cell, sterilization, long-term storage of food, culture etc.

Heavy metals :Chemical agents, coagulatte and denature protein, disinfactant, used for sterilizing medical equipements.

Filteration : Physical agent, isolate whole bacterial cell, sterilization, Sterilization of chemicals and media.

X ray or ionizing radiaton : Physical agent, Alter molecular structure and introduce double stranded break in DNA, sterilization, used for sterilization of heat sensitive material.

Formaldehyde : Chemical agent, alkylating proteins, disinfactant, sterilizing laboratory rooms.

Hydrogen peroxide : Chemical agent, denaturation of membrane lipids, disinfactant, apply on laboratory objects.

Soaps and detergents : Chemical agent, interact with plasma membrane and kill whole cell, disinfactant, disinfacting and sanitizing medical instruments.

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