atact of translation, the inaiator tRNA (the fiest tRNA used in translation) bin
ID: 303094 • Letter: A
Question
atact of translation, the inaiator tRNA (the fiest tRNA used in translation) binds to ribosomal sine? C) X site E) L sibe ribosomal she? 5. As eranslation proceds, the incoming molecule of RNA binds to which A) A site B) P site C) X site D) E site E) L site 96. As translation nbosomal sitetion proceeds, the growing protein/polypeptide chain can typically be found at which A) A site B) P site C) X site D) E site E) L. site 97, Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding tRNA? A) tRNA molecules have a three-dimensional shape. B) As the ribosome proceeds along the mRNA template strand in a 5' to 3 direction during translation, tRNA molecules bind to the mRNA and bring a speciflc amino acid with them. C) The amino acid is attached to the 5' end of the tRNA molecule. D) tRNA molecules contain anticodons. E) During translation, "empty" (uncharged) tRNA molecules leave the ribosome at the E site. 98. During translation, a release factor binds to the ribosome after the ribosome encounters which ofthe following codons? A) AUG B) CCG C) UAA D) UAC E) CAU 99. Changing a codon from GUU to will NOT result in a phenotypic change for the organism. A) GUC B) CUU C) CAA D) GCU E) CCGExplanation / Answer
94. P site of ribosome. Initiator tRNA carries the first i.e amino terminal amino acid of the polypeptide chain. During polypeptide synthesis amino acid carried by P site tRNA is joined to the amino acid carried by A site tRNA ( elongator tRNA). The amino group of amino acid carried by elongator tRNA attacks the carbonyl group of ester bond connecting intiator amino acid to its tRNA. It is called O-N migration of acyl group which converts ester bond to an amide bond. This amide bond joins initiator amino acid to amino acid carried by elongator tRNA. This reaction results in the initiator amino acid becoming the N terminal amino acid and elongator amino acid becoming the c terminal amino acid.
95 . A site. Amino acyl tRNA binds to A site and then transfers the peptidyl moeity carried by P site tRNA to itself and shifts to P site to allow the next amino-acly tRNA in the chain to bind A site.
96. P site. P site tRNA is called peptidyl tRNA during elongation process. This tRNA carries the newly growing polypeptide chain.
97. Amino acid is attached to 5' end of tRNA is a false statement. Amino acid is always attached to either 2' or 3' hydroxyl of the terminal adenosine at the 3' end of tRNA molecule.
98. UAA. UAA is a stop codon and no tRNA but only release factors can bind to stop codons. Release factors aid in termination of translation.
99. GUC. There occurs a phenomenon of wobbling in the anticodon. According to it, bases at the 5' end of the anticodon base pair to non-standard bases at the 3' end of the codon. For example : G base in the 5' end of anticodon can bind either to U or C base present at the 3' end of the codon. This results in same amino acid being incorporated in the polypeptide change despite a changed base at the 3' end of codon. Codon GUU has the base U at its 3' end and both A and G in the anti-codon can bind to U in the codon. If U is changed to C it can still bind to G in the anticodon.Therefore GUU and GUC both code for the same amino acid valine.
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