A study was conducted to assess the effects of wine consumption on cognitive per

Question

A study was conducted to assess the effects of wine consumption on cognitive performance. 100 volunteers were randomly assigned to one of two groups. People in Group 1 drank one glass of wine, while people in Group 2 drank a glass of water. People in both groups then took a statistics quiz. The average number of correct answers on the quiz was then compared between the two groups.

In a second study, researchers survey the wine drinking habits of 50 patients identified with high cholesterol and compares those to the wine drinking habits of 50 patients with low-cholesterol at a local family practice clinic.
Which of the following is a true statement?

The first study is a census of 100 volunteers, while the second study is an experiment.

Both studies are observational studies.

The first study is an experiment, while the second is an observational study.

The first study is an observational study, while the second is an experiment.

The first study is a census of 100 volunteers, while the second study is an experiment.

Explanation / Answer

Option C. The first study is an experiment, while the second is an observational study.

In the first study the researcher has control over which group gets the wine and which group gets water, hence it is an experiment.

In second study the researcher has no control over the experiment. he just observes two groups of people. Hence it is an observational study.

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