1.Explain the processes that transfer carbon between atmosphere and the land bio
ID: 304870 • Letter: 1
Question
1.Explain the processes that transfer carbon between atmosphere and the land biosphere (ie land plants & animals). Describe carbon transfers in both directions.
2.Explain the processes that transfer carbon between the atmosphere and ocean . Describe carbon transfers in both directions.
3.Explain the processes that transfer carbon between the atmosphere and the solid earth (e.g. rocks). Describe carbon transfers in both directions.
4. How are humans altering the carbon cycle?
5. Of the carbon dioxide humans add to the environment, only about half remains in the atmosphere. Where does the rest go?
Explanation / Answer
1. Carbon is the essential part of life on earth. it is released into the atmosphere by the respiration of plants and animals by the exothermic process that breaks the organic molecule into oxygen and water and decay of dead plants and animals by fungi and bacteria that break that break down carbon compounds in carbon to carbon dioxide. Carbon is also released into the atmosphere by the burning of fossil fuels which oxidised carbon and produce carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide also released into the ocean through volcano and hotspot. Carbon is removed from the atmosphere through the photosynthesis conversion of carbon dioxide into carbohydrates by plants and release oxygen. the conversion of reduced carbon to organic tissues or carbonate to a hard body part, such as shells, by marine biota in ocean surface water and the reaction between carbonic acid and silicate rocks which produced bicarbonate ions which trapped in carbonate rocks like limestone.
2. Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere dissolves in the surface water of the ocean through the process of molecular diffusion. the ocean is able to hold much more carbon than the atmosphere.the ocean carbon dioxide reacts to the water and makes carbonic acid and its dissociation product is bicarbonate and carbonate ions .phytoplanktos use carbon dioxide in photosynthesis and turn into the organic matter.many organism use to make their shells and skeleton.living things in ocean moves carbon dioxide from surface to deeper of the ocean. when the organism dies their dead shells, skeletons and body parts sink down into the sea and decay and release carbon dioxide in deep water. after that in millions of year this material covert into the carbonate rocks or fossil fuels.
3. the movement of carbon from the atmosphere to the ocean starts from rain atmospheric carbon dioxide reacts to water and form carbonic acid which dissolves a surface rocks known as chemical weathering and release calcium, magnesium, sodium and potassium ions. rivers carry these ions to the sea in the ocean these ions react with calcium ions and make calcium carbonate after die of animals and plants also sink in the ocean floor over a time of millions of years shells and sediment cemented and form Rocks. After a slow cycle, these returns to the atmosphere through volcanoes and also release during the subduction of plats when one plate goes down to another plate rocks are melt and release carbon dioxide.
4. human altering the carbon cycle in many ways- (a.) The burning of fossil fuels by the burning of fossil fuels increase the concentration of Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. (b.) Deforestation due to cutting trees by agriculture purpose this atmospheric carbon dioxide does not use by the plants which lead to increase the concentration of CO2 in an atmosphere.
5. Carbon dioxide sinks into the ocean and locks in the ocean.
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