41.(1.5 points) A-researcher-wants to assess the association between the prevale
ID: 3049761 • Letter: 4
Question
41.(1.5 points) A-researcher-wants to assess the association between the prevalence of high blood pressure and amounts of processed foods. The education -level is found to be a confounder. Compute the crude OR for high BP comparing diet high in processed foods group-vs. diet low in processed foods group (reference group). (round-to 2 decimal-places) HINT: you need to rearrange the table. T College Education High School Education Total Normal BPH 124 69H 193% Diet Low-in Processed Foodst High BPH 55m 152H 207H 179 400 Diet High in Processed Foods High BPH 852 153% Normal BPH Total College Educationt High School Education 64 988 162 149 Totalt 238 400 42. (1.5 points) Based on the data provided in Q41, compute the education level adjusted OR for high 8P comparing diet high in processed foods group vs. diet low in processed foods group (reference group) (round to 2 decimal places). TExplanation / Answer
A researcher wants to assess the association between the prevalence of high blood pressure and amounts of processed foods. Data are presented below to evaluate whether the education level is a confounder of effect modifier for the association of interest. Which of the statement is correct (assuming a 5% significance level)?
Chi-square Contingency Table Test for Independence
Diet Low
Normal BP
High BP
Total
College Education
124
55
179
High School Education
69
152
221
Total
193
207
400
57.35
chi-square
1
df
0.0000
p-value
Chi-square Contingency Table Test for Independence
Diet high
Normal BP
High BP
Total
College Education
64
85
149
High School Education
98
153
251
Total
162
238
400
0.59
chi-square
1
df
.4413
p-value
The association between education and BP is significant in low diet group ( chi square =57.35, P=0.0000) and not significant in high diet group( chi square =0.59, P=0.4413).
Normal BP
High BP
Total
College Education
188
140
328
High School Education
167
305
472
Total
355
445
800
37.72
chi-square
1
df
0.0000
p-value
Overall the association between education and BP is significant ( chi square =37.72, P=0.0000)
Education level is a confounder
Education level is an effect modifier.
Education level is neither a confounder nor an effect modifier
Education level does not influence the association between the prevalence of high blood pressure and amounts of processed foods
Note: diet is the effect modifier
Chi-square Contingency Table Test for Independence
Diet Low
Normal BP
High BP
Total
College Education
124
55
179
High School Education
69
152
221
Total
193
207
400
57.35
chi-square
1
df
0.0000
p-value
Chi-square Contingency Table Test for Independence
Diet high
Normal BP
High BP
Total
College Education
64
85
149
High School Education
98
153
251
Total
162
238
400
0.59
chi-square
1
df
.4413
p-value
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