For this problem you will use SPSS and Chapter 12 Data Set 1. This is a pre-test
ID: 3058336 • Letter: F
Question
For this problem you will use SPSS and Chapter 12 Data Set 1. This is a pre-test / post-test study. The research question is: "Is the pre-test mean different from the post-test mean?"
(a) Which statistical test should we use?
t-test for independent means
one-sample Z-test
t-test for dependent means (paired t-test)
(b) Based on the statement of the research question, is this a one-tailed or two-tailed test?
One-tailed
Two-tailed
(c) What is H0, the null hypothesis?
The pre-test mean is greater than the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is different from the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is less than the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is not different from the post-test mean.
(d) Based on the statement of the research question, what is H1, the research hypothesis?
The pre-test mean is not different from the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is less than the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is different from the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is greater than the post-test mean.
(e) Use SPSS to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the pre-test and post-test means. From the SPSS output: What is the test statistic t (obtained value) rounded to three decimals? (Note: Depending on the order in which you entered the two variables in the SPSS variable window, you will get a positive or negative value for t. Report the positive value here.)
(f) From the SPSS output: What is df?
(g) From Table B2: What is the critical value for a two-tailed t-test test at the alpha = 0.05 level? Give the exact decimals shown in the table.
(h) From the SPSS output: What is the two-tailed p-value?
(i) Compare the obtained value t with the critical value. Also compare p and alpha. What is your conclusion?
Fail to reject the null: the pre-test and post-test means were not significantly different.
Reject the null: the pre-test and post-test means were significantly different.
Explanation / Answer
For this problem you will use SPSS and Chapter 12 Data Set 1. This is a pre-test / post-test study. The research question is: "Is the pre-test mean different from the post-test mean?"
(a) Which statistical test should we use?
t-test for independent means
one-sample Z-test
t-test for dependent means (paired t-test)
(b) Based on the statement of the research question, is this a one-tailed or two-tailed test?
One-tailed
Two-tailed
(c) What is H0, the null hypothesis?
The pre-test mean is greater than the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is different from the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is less than the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is not different from the post-test mean.
(d) Based on the statement of the research question, what is H1, the research hypothesis?
The pre-test mean is not different from the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is less than the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is different from the post-test mean.
The pre-test mean is greater than the post-test mean.
(e) Use SPSS to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the pre-test and post-test means. From the SPSS output: What is the test statistic t (obtained value) rounded to three decimals? (Note: Depending on the order in which you entered the two variables in the SPSS variable window, you will get a positive or negative value for t. Report the positive value here.)
(f) From the SPSS output: What is df?
(g) From Table B2: What is the critical value for a two-tailed t-test test at the alpha = 0.05 level? Give the exact decimals shown in the table.
(h) From the SPSS output: What is the two-tailed p-value?
(i) Compare the obtained value t with the critical value. Also compare p and alpha. What is your conclusion?
Fail to reject the null: the pre-test and post-test means were not significantly different.
Reject the null: the pre-test and post-test means were significantly different.
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