M1 > Discussions> Type 2 Diabetes Discussion This is a graded discussion: 100 po
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M1 > Discussions> Type 2 Diabetes Discussion This is a graded discussion: 100 points possible due Aug 1 Type 2 Diabetes Discussion Type 2 Diabetes is quickly becoming an epidemic in our country and it's directly related to diet. . What is Type 2 Diabetes? . Discuss how diet plays such an important role in preventing and treating Type 2 Diabetes. - Also, explain how the digestive system and urinary system play a role in this disease. Please make your posts by the due date assigned. Then read the posts of your classmates and comment on at least two other posts. Refer to the discussion rubric for grading details (click the gear icon in the blue bar above the due date and then Show Rubric) UnreadExplanation / Answer
Diabetes: It is a metabolic disease it is mainly happens due to the high levels of glucose (blood sugar) in the blood or inadequate production of insulin. Diabetes Types:
Type II diabetes: It is happens due to the disorder in the metabolism characterized by elevated blood sugar levels, insulin resistance with symptoms of increased thirst (Polydipsia), urination (Polyuria), weight loss, tired, hunger (Polyphagia) etc. It mostly occurs in obese patients. Type 2 usually affects adults, but it can begin at any time in your life.
When the blood glucose levels are too high then B cells in the ilets of the langerhans, in the pancrease will secrete insulin. Insulin is a protein hormone that is secreted into the blood and make muscle cell absorbs more glucose. When the blood glucose levels are too low then a cells in the ilets of the langerhans, in the pancrease will secrete hormone glucagon. The high glucose levels of blood are antagonistically regulated by insulin and glucogon. Normal person’s glucose levels in blood are nearly demonstrated between 3.9 and 5.5 mmol/L (70 to 100 mg/dL). If the insulin levels are low or absent, then the glucose concentration in the plasma exceeds and the uncontrolled glucose concentration leads to many diseases.
Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes:
Overweight or obesity
Impaired glucose tolerance
Insulin resistance
Ethnic background
Sedentary lifestyle
Family history
Age (If you're over 45 and overweight)
Diet role in diabetes: During the process of diabetes management and treatment the dietary modifications can plays a crucial role. Some foods can reduce and minimize the symptoms and effects of diabetes and some foods may be beneficial other foods could react adversely.
Reduce fat intake and cut back on the salt
In diet Include whole grain foods, vegetables and fresh fruits.
Be cautious about carbohydrate intake
Limit intake of sugar rich foods
Be cautious about Cindy carbohydrate intake
Increase the frequency of meals through smaller serving sizes
Low calorie diet:
A low calorie diet gives a target intake of calories each day. A low calorie diet referred to as a calorie restricted diet, provides a steady way to achieve weight loss and is usually a key part of weight loss. A low calorie diet is commonly advised for anyone people with diabetes that is overweight to some degree. An eating plan is generally considered “low carbohydrate” if it contains less than 130 grams per day.
The NHS (National Health Service) defines a low calorie (kcal) diet of:
Between 1,000 and 1,500 calories per day for women
Between 1,500 and 2,000 calories per day for men
Digestive system role in diabetes:
Glucose is the main fuel of body energy. And insulin stimulating the uptake of glucose from blood, into skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and some other tissues. the insulin is defecient, thus, unable to utilize glucose as an energy source from her skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and other tissues. In this condition, the body breaks down the fat (lipids) as an alternative source of energy. The hormone, Insulin responsible to regulate the blood-glucose level of body by two mechanisms. a) It tends to lower the blood sugar level, through stimulating the uptake of glucose from blood, into skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and some other tissues. b) Enhancement of the effects of some regulatory hormones (which raise blood glucose levels) i.e. glucagon, epinephrine, and cortisol during insulin deficiency conditions. Thus, deficiency of insulin resulting to increase in the blood glucose level.
Liver role in diabetes:
The lipid is metabolizes in the liver and produces ketone bodies (ketoacids i.e. acetone, acetoacetic acid) as by-products. When the level of these acids rises in the bloodstream, resulting to the fall in pH of the blood.
Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL): It is a one type of cholesterol, which was produced in the liver. A high level of LDL can makes a plaque-like substance on the cardiovascular system walls and blocks blood natural flow and it leads to severe risk for stroke and heart attack. A high LDL levels can increase blood glucose level and causes diabetes. The liver can uptake LDL and convert it into HDL. If any prolonged increase in LDL levels can leads to diabetes.
Urinary system role in diabetes:
Diabetes is known to have many side effects. One of the major concerns is the damage it causes to the kidney. People suffering from diabetes mellitus for many years have metabolic changes that lead to the damage of the glomeruli . Glomerulus is involved in the filtration of blood in the kidneys. This condition is known as diabetes nephropathy. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as the loss of kidney function over a long period of time. High blood pressure as well as diabetes is the major risk factors for CKD. Diagnosis involves the testing of blood samples for creatinine levels. High levels indicate that glomerular filtration is not functioning properly. Diabetic nephropathy has been cited as one of the primary causes for chronic kidney disease.
With diabetes, the little veins in the body are harmed. At the point when the veins in the kidneys are harmed, her kidneys can't spotless her blood legitimately. Her body will hold more water and salt than it should, which can bring about weight pick up and lower leg swelling. She may have protein in her pee. What's more, squander materials will develop in her blood.
Diabetes additionally may make harm nerves in her body. This can cause trouble in exhausting her bladder. The weight coming about because of her full bladder can go down and harm the kidneys. Additionally, if pee stays in her bladder for quite a while, she can build up a disease from the quick development of microbes in pee that has a high sugar level.
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