19. A double- blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in order to

Question

19. A double- blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted in order to test the effectiveness of a nasal spray flu vaccine for children. A hypothesis test was conducted to test w hether the proportion of flu cases among vaccinated children is less than the proportion of flu cases for children given a placebo. The p-value was less than .0001, what is the meaning of this p-value? (A) The probability of Type I error is less than.0001 (B) The probability that that the wrong conclusion was made is less than.0001 (C) The probability that the vaccine works is at least 9999 (D) If the vaccine has no effect, then the probability of obtaining sample results at least as extreme as the ones observed is very small (less than .0001). (E) If the vaccine works, then the probability that the experimenters would conclude that it doesn't work is.0001.

Explanation / Answer

In testing we put hypothesis as whether placebo or vaccine is better.

H0: vaccine < placebo

Vs

H1 : not H0

So here if vaccine works then the probability of greater effect of vaccine is greater and lead to rejection of H0

So here option E is correct as we are gegetti small p-value.

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