Question 4 (2 points) The study \"Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic- Valve Replac

Question

Question 4 (2 points) The study "Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic- Valve Replacement in Intermediate-Risk Patients" was published in the New England Journal of Medicine in 2016. This study compared the efficacy of two treatments for cardiovascular malfunction. Over 1,000 low-risk patients were randomly assigned to a standard treatment: a type of invasive heart surgery Another 1,000 low-risk patients were randomly assigned to a nonstandard treatment: the use of a less invasive non-surgical catheter Researchers compared the two treatment groups, and concluded that the less invasive catheter was (for the most part) not inferior to heart surgery in the treatment of cardiovascular malfunction. Suppose we perform the study again, but we change patient recruitment such that any patient who comes into a hospital ("out of the blue") for treatment just have their prescribed treatments recorded by a presiding doctor. If you were helping to design the new study, what would you not suggest? (Use the study explained in Question 4') A Introducing a randomization procedure to select and assign individuals to each group. For example, assigning patient ID numbers to allow for random sample- selection. B) Decrease the sample size C) Blinding of the study D Restricting inferences to pre- What type of study was this? established age ranges via patient recruitment restrictions. A) Randomized controlled experiment B) Retrospective study C) Observational study D) Prospective study E) All of the answers are correct F) Stratification of the samples by confounding variables allowing for interaction analysis and strata-level inference

Explanation / Answer

The correct choice is B) because decreasing the sample size will reduce the accuracy of the results and inferences made from reduced sample size might not be a good representative of the population.

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