Forests are complex, evolving ecosystems. For instance, pioneer tree species can

Question

Forests are complex, evolving ecosystems. For instance, pioneer tree species can be displaced by successional species better adapted to the changing environment. Ecologists mapped a large Canadian forest plot dominated by pioneer Douglas fir with an understory of the invading successional species western hemlock and western red cedar. The two-way table records the distribution of all 2050 trees in the plot by species and by life stage. The distinction between live and sapling trees is made for live trees taller and shorter than 1.3 meters, respectively. Dead Live Sapling 0.160.16 0.00 0.32 0.41 0.47 0.12 Total Western red cedar (RC)0.020.10 0.080.20 Douglas fir (DF) Western hemlock (WH) 0.23 0.21 0.04 0.48 Total To access the complete data set, click the link for your preferred software format: Excel Minitab JMP SPSS TI R Mac-TXT PC-TXT CSV CrunchIt! What does the given data say about the current composition and the evolution of this Canadian forest? (a) Compute the conditional probabilities that a randomly chosen tree is dead given information about its species, for each of the three tree species in this forest. (Enter your answers rounded to three decimal places.) P(dead | RC)049 P(dead | DF390

Explanation / Answer

(a)

P(Dead l RC) = 0.02/0.20 = 0.10

P(Dead l DF) = 0.16/0.32 = 0.50

P(Dead l WH) = 0.23/0.48 = 0.4792

hre the western red cedat is relatively young.

(b) P(sapling l RC) = 0.08/0.20 = 0.4

P(sapling l DF) = 0.00/0.32 = 0

P(sapling l WH) = 0.04/0.48 = 0.08333

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