I already posted this assignment before but they missed some questions, can you
ID: 3111355 • Letter: I
Question
I already posted this assignment before but they missed some questions, can you help me out with the rest.
I. In each of the following exercises, identify the informal fallacy that is committed, and explain why each is an example of that fallacy.
7. Child: “Why do I have to do it?” Mother: “You will not be happy if you don’t!”
8. Of course aliens exist. There is no evidence that they don’t exist! 9. “GatorAde—is it in you?”
10. “No one has ever shown me any evidence for evolution. Therefore, it must be false.”
11. “Of course we should invade Austria. Everyone thinks so!”
12. “These diamonds would really set you apart. Your family would be so jealous. You should get them!”
13. “All of the evidence points to a correlation between eating fast food and obesity. You should probably not eat very much of that, if any.”
15. “I can’t believe my pastor that adultery is really all that bad. I mean, he had an affair for goodness sake!”
16. “Oh, honey, we should help that man. Because… well, just look at him. He’s so sad and lonely. I bet he could use some money.”
19. “Of course scientists are right about the age of the universe! They’re scientists for crying out loud!”
20. “The current administration wants to cut funding for military airplanes. But this is a wonton disregard for national security. Anyone who cares about the safety of our country should be outraged.”
21. Jury Foreperson: “Listen people, we’ve been here for a month. Do you want to spend another month here? Let’s find him guilty of the crime already!”
22. Lawyer: “That guy’s a rapist. Why should you believe anything he says?”
23. Lawyer: “My client is the victim of incest himself. How can you convict him of this crime of incest?”
24. “My doctor says the first test showed no cancer. So, I’m cancer-free!”
25. Your parents say: “Einstein’s theory of special relativity is a load of nonsense.”
-Choose two biases, one from the "Social biases" section and one from the "Memory errors and biases" section. Explain both biases and two examples, either from your own life or from popular culture or media where these biases may explain someone's behavior
1- Develop a strategy for helping people avoid these fallacies. What would you recommend? Would you change education? Would you change the law? Would you require more regulation over advertising and product information? If so, how would you know how much regulation would help? (100-300 words)
Explanation / Answer
7) Fallacy: Appeal to Force
Explanation: The mother is threatening punishment to convince the child to do something.
8) Fallacy: Shifting the burden of proof
Explanation: I need not prove my claim, you must prove it is false.
9) Fallacy: Appeal to Snobbery/Vanity
Explanation: The implication is that a certain type of person drinks Gatorade, therefore, you should drink Gatorade so you’ll be more like that person.
10) Fallacy: Appeal to Ignorance
Explanation: If you have no evidence that a claim is true, then you cannot infer that a claim is false, only that you have no reason to believe it.
11) Fallacy: False Authority
Explanation: The arguer is using their opinion to speak for “Everyone” to make the person they’re speaking to believe they need to invade Austria.
12) Fallacy: Argument Ad Hominem
Explanation: The arguer it attacking their motive by making them believe itwill make them stand out and make their family jealous.
13) Fallacy: Circular cause and consequence
Explanation: The consequence of being obese is eating fastfood, which is the root of the cause.
15) Fallacy: Argument from incredulity
Explanation: The person “Can’t believe” that it’s true, therefore he believes its false.
20) Fallacy: Begging the Question
Explanation: The conclusion the arguer is trying to give is that people should be outraged.
21) Fallacy: Appeal to Force
Explanation: The jury foreperson is using the threat of spending another month deliberating to convince the jury to agree on a verdict.
22) Fallacy: Argument from Ignorance
Explanation: The Lawyer is assuming that the defendant is a rapist because it hasn’t been proven to be false and is trying to convince the jury the same.
23) Fallacy: Appeal to Pity
Explanation: The lawyer is using the victim’s pitiful state to convince the jury they should not convict him of a crime.
24) Fallacy: Hasty Generalization
Explanation: One test is probably not sufficient to conclude you are cancer free.
25) Fallacy: False Authority
Explanation: Your parents are not obviously experts on physics.
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