The preferences of voters show below Illustrate an actual scenario in Congress i

Question

The preferences of voters show below Illustrate an actual scenario in Congress in 1953 on legislation for public school funding. Before passage of the original bill, an amendment to the bill Was Introduced that would require integration in schools before federal funding was provided. It was a possibility that Congress would decide to pass no bill for funding schools. Thus the "candidates" In this "election" are "No hill". "Amendment" and "Original bill" with the election being decided by voters In Congress. The voting preferences of the 435 members of the House of Representatives in Congress In 1953 are listed below. (a) Suppose that voting on the legislation is done by the sequential pair wise method with the agenda: Original. Amendment. No bill. Which candidate is the winner? Show how you arrive at your conclusion. (b) In the first stage of voting, when the original bill and the amendment arc up for a vote, which "candidate" wins? Which groups of voters in Congress have formed a coalition? (c) In the next stage of voting, when the amended legislation faces an up or down vote, what is the result? That is. comparing the "Amendment" versus "No bill", which is the winner? Which groups of voters in Congress have formed a coalition? (d) If the "Original bill" were compared with "No bill", which option would win with these voters? Which groups of voters have formed a coalition in this case? (e) The outcome of the Education Act of 1953 is an example of what paradox in voting? (f) Why is this paradox?

Explanation / Answer

a.

Because the order of preference os

original

amendment

no bill

the ND group is 116 and SD group is 116 in number.So there will be tie between these two groups. Hence R group with 203 members will win it.

b.

Original vs Amendment

here again ND and SD are in tie . but preference is for Amendment only, therefore the The opposite groups that is R group and ND group will form coallition against SD

c.

Here Amendment vs No bill

The preference is for Amendment only. So R group and ND group will form coallition

d.

Here Original bill vs No bill

The preference is for Original only. Therefore,

R and SD group will form coallition this time.

e.

Bantu Education Act.

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