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1) According to a survey in a country, 37% of adults do not have any credit card

ID: 3125787 • Letter: 1

Question

1) According to a survey in a country, 37% of adults do not have any credit cards. Suppose a simple random sample of 400 adults is obtained.

A) Describe the sampling distribution of p^, the sample proportion of adults who do not have a credit card. Choose the phrase that best describes the shape of the sampling distribution of p^ below:

a) Approximately normal because n <= 0.05N and np(1-p) < 10.

b) Not normal because n <= 0.05 and np(1-p) >= 10.

c) Not normal because n <= 0.05 and np(1-p) < 10.

d) Approximately normal because n <= 0.05N and np(1-p) >= 10.

B) Determine the mean of the sampling distribution of p^ (round to two decimal places as needed).

C) Determine the standard deviation of the sampling distribution of p^ (round to three decimal places as needed).

D) In the random sample of 400 adults, what is the probability that less than 34% have no credit cards? (round to four decimal places as needed).

E) Would it be unusual if a random sample of 400 adults results in 164 or more having no credit cards?

a) The result is not unusual because the probability that p^ is greater than or equal to this sample proportion is greater than 5%.

b) The result is not unusual because the probability that p^ is greater than or equal to this sample proportion is less than 5%.

c) The result is unusual because the probability that p^ is greater than or equal to this sample proportion is greater than 5%.

d) The result is unusual because the probability that p^ is greater than or equal to this sample proportion is less than 5%.

Explanation / Answer

a)

OPTION D: Approximately normal because n <= 0.05N and np(1-p) >= 10. [ANSWER]

Here, n = 300, p = 0.37, so np(1-p) = 93.24 > 10. ALso, this is surely less than 5% of all adults.

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b)

It is the population proportion,

u(p^) = p = 0.37 [ANSWER]

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c)

s = standard deviation = sqrt(p(1-p)/n) =    0.024140215 = 0.024 [ANSWER]

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D)

We first get the z score for the critical value. As z = (x - u) / s, then as          
          
x = critical value =    0.34      
u = mean = p =    0.37      
          
s = standard deviation = sqrt(p(1-p)/n) =    0.024140215      
          
Thus,          
          
z = (x - u) / s =    -1.242739532      
          
Thus, using a table/technology, the left tailed area of this is          
          
P(z <   -1.242739532   ) =    0.106981916 [ANSWER]

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e)

We first get the z score for the critical value. As z = (x - u) / s, then as          
          
x = critical value = 164/400 =   0.41      
u = mean = p =    0.37      
          
s = standard deviation = sqrt(p(1-p)/n) =    0.024140215      
          
Thus,          
          
z = (x - u) / s =    1.656986043      
          
Thus, using a table/technology, the right tailed area of this is          
          
P(z >   1.656986043   ) =    0.048761148

Hence,

OPTION D: d) The result is unusual because the probability that p^ is greater than or equal to this sample proportion is less than 5%. [ANSWER]