A clinical trial is conducted to compare an experimental medication to placebo t

Question

A clinical trial is conducted to compare an experimental medication to placebo to reduce the symptoms of asthma. Two hundred participants are enrolled in the study and randomized to receive either the experimental medication or placebo. The primary outcome is a self-reported reduction of symptoms. Among 100 participants who receive the experimental medication, 38 report a reduction of symptoms as compared to   21 participants of 100 assigned to the placebo.

Generate a 95% CI for the difference in proportions of participants reporting a reduction of symptoms between the experimental and placebo groups.

                      experimental: n1=100, p1=38/100=0.38

                      placebo: n2=100, p2=21/100=0.21

Estimate the RR for reduction in symptoms between groups.

Estimate the OR for reduction in symptoms between groups.

Generate a 95% CI for the RR.

Explanation / Answer

A clinical trial is conducted to compare an experimental medication to placebo to reduce the symptoms of asthma. Two hundred participants are enrolled in the study and randomized to receive either the experimental medication or placebo. The primary outcome is a self-reported reduction of symptoms. Among 100 participants who receive the experimental medication, 38 report a reduction of symptoms as compared to   21 participants of 100 assigned to the placebo.

Generate a 95% CI for the difference in proportions of participants reporting a reduction of symptoms between the experimental and placebo groups.

                      experimental: n1=100, p1=38/100=0.38

                      placebo: n2=100, p2=21/100=0.21

Estimate the RR for reduction in symptoms between groups.

RR=0.38/0.21=1.8095

Estimate the OR for reduction in symptoms between groups.

OR =(38*79)/(62*21) =2.3057

Generate a 95% CI for the RR.

95% CI

( 1.1478 to 2.8527)

Group 1 Proportion

0.38

Group 2 Proportion

0.21

Difference in Two Proportions

0.17

Confidence Interval Estimate

of the Difference Between Two Proportions

Data

Confidence Level

95%

Intermediate Calculations

Z Value

1.96

Std. Error of the Diff. between two Proportions

0.0634

Interval Half Width

0.1242

Confidence Interval

Interval Lower Limit

0.0458

Interval Upper Limit

0.2942

95% CI

( 1.1478 to 2.8527)

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