20. Tikal National Park in Guatemala is heavily visited by tourists. Does the di

Question

20. Tikal National Park in Guatemala is heavily visited by tourists. Does the disturbance affect animal densities? To investigate, Hidinger compared the densities of various bird and mammal species in places immediately next to heavily visited by tourists. The mean densities (in animals/km^2) are found in the accompanying table. The table lists P-value associated with a test of null hypothesis that two types of plots do no differ in mean density.

a. Which species show a statistically significant reduction in mean density near heavily ruins? us significance level of alpha=0.05.

b. Which species show a significant increase in density near heavily visited ruins/
c. Which species provide no significant evidence of a difference in mean density between areas frequented by tourists and those rarely visited/
d. For which species is the evidence strongest for a change in density near tourist sites?

Explanation / Answer

a) Those species whose p value is less than 0.05 will be considered a significant reduction, therefore the species are: Crested Guan, Agouti, Great curassow, Tinamou

b) Significant increase will be for(again p<0.05): Coatimundi, Howler Monkey, Ocellated Turkey

For c and d, the significance level will become p<0.025 or p>0.025, since it is now a two sided test

c) Species for which there is no significant evidence of a difference(p>0.025): Collared peccary, Depper squirrel, Agouti, Howler Monkey, Spider Monkey, Great Curassow, Tinamou

d) Species for which the evidece is strongest will be the one in which p value is least. That is for Crested Guan (p=0.001)

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