Consider the following Example 10.6 (QPSK digital data modulation) Which of the

Question

Consider the following Example 10.6 (QPSK digital data modulation) Which of the following types of random process is it?

a. None of these

b. continuous-valued, continuous-time

c. continuous-valued, discrete-time

d. discrete-valued, discrete-time

e. discrete-valued, continuous-time

Example 10.6 In a quaternaryphase shift keying (QPSK) communications system, one of foureq In a quaternary phase shift keying (QPSK)communications system, one of four equally probable symbols so, , s3 is transmitted in T seconds. If symbol si is sent, a wave- form x(t, si) cos(2nfot + /4 + ir/2) is transmitted during the interval [0, T]. In this example, the experiment is to transmit one symbol over [0, T] seconds and each sample function has duration T. In a real communications system, a symbol is trans- mitted every T seconds and an experiment is to transmit j symbols over [0, jT] sec- onds. In this case, an outcome corresponds to a sequence of j symbols and a sample function has duration jT seconds.

Explanation / Answer

as the time fram eis varying over (0,T) so the time point is continuous. But in each time duration it can take one of 4 symbols. So the process can take only 4 discrete values. So it is a discrete valued and continuous time random processs.

So option (D) is correct.

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