Homework The author Shere Hite undertook a study of women’s attitudes toward sex
ID: 3130454 • Letter: H
Question
Homework
The author Shere Hite undertook a study of women’s attitudes toward sex and love by distributing 100,000 questionnaires through women’s groups. Only 4.5% of the questionnaires were returned. Based on this sample of women, Hite wrote Women and Love, a best-selling book claiming that women today are fed up with men. For example, 91% of the divorced women in the sample said that they had initiated the divorce, and 70% of the married women said that they committed adultery.
Explain briefly why Hite’s sampling method is nearly certain to produce a strong bias. Are the sample results cited (91% and 70%) much higher or much lower than the truth for the population of all American women?
Bias is present in each of the following cases. Identify the source of the bias and
specify the direction of the bias ( that is, whether the sample result will be
systematically above or below the true population result.)
(a) A flour company wants to know what fraction of Minneapolis households
bake their own bread. An SRS of 500 residential addresses is drawn and interviewers are sent to these addresses. The interviewers are employed during the regular working hours on weekdays and they interview only during those hours.
(b) The Miami Police Department wants to know if black residents of Miami are satisfied with police service in their neighborhood. A questionnaire is prepared. An SRS of 300 mailing addresses in predominantly black neighborhood is chosen, and a uniformed officer is sent to each address to interview an adult resident.
Comment on each of the following as a potential sample survey question. Is the question clear? Is it slanted toward a desired response?
(a) “Does your family use food stamps?”
(b) “Which of the flowing best represents your opinion on gun control?”
1. The government should confiscate our guns.
2. We have the right to keep and bear arms.
(c) “A freeze in nuclear weapons should be favored because it would begin a
much-needed process to stop everyone in the world from building
nuclear war in the future. Do you agree or disagree?”
(d) “In view of escalating environment degradation and incipient resource
depletion, would you favor economic incentives for recycling resource-
intensive consumer goods?”
4. Consider the measuring device X = 17, 18, or 19, so that
Find = the population standard deviation by filling out the following table:
17
18
19
SSX
Now take two measurements with this measuring device and find SD() by filling out this next table:
X1 X2
17 17 17
17 18 17½
17 19 18
18 17 17½
18 18 18
18 19 18½
19 17 18
19 18 18½
19 19 19
Statistical theory says that here. Compute and check that this is equal to your calculation of .
5. Suppose that an object is 10 inches long and suppose that a measuring device gives the readings 7 inches with probability 1/4, 9 inches with probability 1/4, 11 inches with probability 1/4 and 13 inches with probability 1/4. Write down all 16 possible ways that two measurements can turn out. Use these 16 possibilities to compute the distribution of when n = 2(i.e., find , , etc.). Go back to the 16
possibilities and put a check mark by those possibilities in each row where one measurement is above 10 and the other measurement is below 10, i.e. where high measurements tend to cancel low measurements. Conduct the experiment and measure the object twice, then average the two measurements to estimate the length of the object. [You can do this by rolling a die and if a 1 comes up assume the measurement was 7, if a 2 comes up assume the measurement was a 9, etc. If 5 or 6 comes up roll a die again.]
6. Suppose the population is the future income of the business students at Murray State. After graduating from MSU it is not unreasonable that m=200,000 and s=40,000.
a) Make up three data points that would be considered typical from this
population(typical is within one SD of the mean).
b) Make up three data points that would be considered unusual from this
population(unusual is more than three SD’s from m).
c) For n=25 make up three values of that would be considered typical for a
sample from this population(do not make up the data points just make up the
).
d) For n=25 make up three values of that would be considered unusual for a
sample from this population(do not make up the data points just make up the
).
[Hint the behavior of is different than the behavior of the individual
data points.]
Explanation / Answer
3) A) NO THE FAMILY DOES NOT USE THE FOOD STAMPS
B) THE BEST OPINION WOULD BE THAT THE GOVERNMENT SHOULD CONFISCATE THE GUN AS THIS WILL ENSURE THE SAFETY FROM THE THREAT OF SCHOOL SHOOTING WHICH IS COMMON TODAY.
C) YES I AGREE AS NUCLEAR WEAPONS HAVE THE CAPACITY TO DESTROY THE WHOLE HUMANITY AND ONCE IF WE TRY TO FREEZE IT THE WORLD POWERFUL NATION CAN STOP OTHERS FROM PROLIFERATING THE NUCLEAR WEAPONS
D) YES AS WE HAVE SEEN THAT THE CLIMATE CHANGE IS HAPPENING DAY BE DAY AND ALL ARE ITS VICTIM EVERY GOVERNMENT SHOULD INCENTIVISE THE PROCESS WHICH HELP IN RECYCLING THE USE OF THE RESOURCES AS THIS WHICH MAKE SUSTAINABLE USE OF RESOURCES HAPPENING.
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