Academic Integrity: tutoring, explanations, and feedback — we don’t complete graded work or submit on a student’s behalf.

A researcher is evaluating the effectiveness of a new physical education program

ID: 3133067 • Letter: A

Question

A researcher is evaluating the effectiveness of a new physical education program for elementary school children. The program is designed to reduce competition and increase individual self-esteem. A sample of n = 16 children is selected and the children are placed in the new program. After 3 months, each child is given a standardized self-esteem test. For the general population of elementary school children, the scores on the self-esteem test form a normal distribution with = 40 and = 8.

If the researcher obtains a sample mean of M = 42, is this enough evidence to conclude that the program has a significant effect? Assume a two-tailed test with = .05. (Use 2 decimal places.)

z-critical = ±

z=

Conclusion

Reject the null hypothesis, the program has a significant effect.

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, the program has a significant effect.    

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, the program does not have a significant effect.

Reject the null hypothesis, the program does not have a significant effect.

(b) If the sample mean is M = 44, is this enough to demonstrate a significant effect? Again, assume a two-tailed test with = .05. (Use 2 decimal places.)

z-critical = ±

z=

Conclusion

Reject the null hypothesis, the program has a significant effect.

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, the program has a significant effect.    

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, the program does not have a significant effect.

Reject the null hypothesis, the program does not have a significant effect.

2. State College is evaluating a new English composition course for freshmen. A random sample of n = 25 freshmen is obtained and the students are placed in the course during their first semester. One year later, a writing sample is obtained for each student and the writing samples are graded using a standardized evaluation technique. The average score for the sample is M = 76. For the general population of college students, writing scores form a normal distribution with a mean of = 70.

(a) If the writing scores for the population have a standard deviation of = 17, does the sample provide enough evidence to conclude that the new composition course has a significant effect? Assume a two-tailed test with = 0.05. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)

z-critical = ±

z=

Conclusion

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, the course does not have a significant effect.

Reject the null hypothesis, the course does not have a significant effect.    

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, the course does have a significant effect.

Reject the null hypothesis, the course does have a significant effect

(b) If the population standard deviation is = 13, is the sample sufficient to demonstrate a significant effect? Again, assume a two-tailed test with = 0.05. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)

-critical = ±

z=

Conclusion

Reject the null hypothesis, the course does not have a significant effect.

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, the course does have a significant effect.    

Reject the null hypothesis, the course does have a significant effect.

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, the course does not have a significant effect.

3. To test the effectiveness of a treatment, a sample is selected from a normal population with a mean of = 40 and a standard deviation of = 12. After the treatment is administered to the individuals in the sample, the sample mean is found to be M = 46.

(a) If the sample consists of n = 4 individuals, is this result sufficient to conclude that there is a significant treatment effect? Use a two-tailed test with = .05. (Use 2 decimal places.)

-critical = ±

z=

Conclusion

Reject the null hypothesis, there is a significant treatment effect.

Reject the null hypothesis, there is not a significant treatment effect.    

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, there is not a significant treatment effect.

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, there is a significant treatment effect.

If the sample consists of n = 36 individuals, is this result sufficient to conclude that there is a significant treatment effect? Use a two-tailed test with = .05. (Use 2 decimal places.)

-critical = ±

z=

Conclusion

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, there is a significant treatment effect.

Reject the null hypothesis, there is not a significant treatment effect.    

Fail to reject the null hypothesis, there is not a significant treatment effect.

Reject the null hypothesis, there is a significant treatment effect.

(c) Compute Cohen's d to measure effect size for both tests (n = 4 and n = 36). (Use 2 decimal places.)

n = 4

n = 36

(d) Briefly describe how sample size influences the outcome of the hypothesis test. How does sample size influence measures of effect size?

A larger sample increases the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis, but has no influence on Cohen's d.

A larger sample increases the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis, but has a decreasing effect on Cohen's d.    

A larger sample increases the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis and increases Cohen's d.

A larger sample reduces the likelihood of rejecting the null hypothesis, but has no influence on Cohen's d.

Explanation / Answer

1.

a)

Formulating the null and alternative hypotheses,              
              
Ho:   u   =   40  
Ha:    u   =/   40  
              
As we can see, this is a    two   tailed test.      
              
Thus, getting the critical z, as alpha =    0.05   ,      
alpha/2 =    0.025          
zcrit =    +/-   1.96 [ANSWER]

****************************      
              
Getting the test statistic, as              
              
X = sample mean =    42          
uo = hypothesized mean =    40          
n = sample size =    16          
s = standard deviation =    8          
              
Thus, z = (X - uo) * sqrt(n) / s =    1   [ANSWER, z]

*******************************      
              
As |z| < 1.96,

OPTION C: Fail to reject the null hypothesis, the program does not have a significant effect. [ANSWER]

*****************************  

B)

Formulating the null and alternative hypotheses,              
              
Ho:   u   =   40  
Ha:    u   =/   40  
              
As we can see, this is a    two   tailed test.      
              
Thus, getting the critical z, as alpha =    0.05   ,      
alpha/2 =    0.025          
zcrit =    +/-   1.96 [ANSWER]

*****************************************  
              
Getting the test statistic, as              
              
X = sample mean =    44          
uo = hypothesized mean =    40          
n = sample size =    16          
s = standard deviation =    8          
              
Thus, z = (X - uo) * sqrt(n) / s =    2   [ANSWER, Z]

*******************************************      
              
As z > 1.96,we reject Ho:

OPTION A: Reject the null hypothesis, the program has a significant effect. [ANSWER]

*******************************************

Hi! Please submit the next part as a separate question. That way we can continue helping you! Please indicate which parts are not yet solved when you submit. Thanks!

Hire Me For All Your Tutoring Needs
Integrity-first tutoring: clear explanations, guidance, and feedback.
Drop an Email at
drjack9650@gmail.com
Chat Now And Get Quote