I need to critique article (Extracurricular Activities and their effect on the s

Question

I need to critique article (Extracurricular Activities and their effect on the students grade point average: statistical study) and answer this questions.

1. Introduction to paper 2. Describe problem researcher is examining. 3. What is the hypothesis? Explain the null and alternative hypothesis.

4. What are the independent and dependent variables? 5. What is the internal validity in study? 6. What was the composition of the sample selected.   

7. What type of study is it, observational, experimental, ect? Explain why. 8. What type of statistics was used in study, what are the results?

9. Where the results significant, at what level significant?

10. What implications do the results have? What type of external validity is found in study? Include 5 scholarly resources.

Explanation / Answer

Introduction to paper

This paper gives understanding of various aspects of statistics. It explains basics tools for statistics which are future used in various applications like data analytics, foprecasting, market evaluation.

Describe problem researcher is examining

Now let us study the problem relating to testing of claims and to know that claim and actual data differ by how much value. If the value of difference is significant enough to reject the claim.

What is the hypothesis? Explain the null and alternative hypothesis.

Hypothesis is thesis or statement we propose. Null hypothesis accepts our claim where as alternate rejects it.

What are the independent and dependent variables

Indepedent variables do not rely on other variables, dependent variables get their results from the independent variables.

In y= mx + c , the straight line equation y is dependent, x is independent

What is the internal validity in study

Internal validity is is the method we use or choose is correct. There are many tests to discuss about it.

What was the composition of the sample selected.

Composition of sample should represent overall population. but population should be big enough nto represent it.

What type of study is it, observational, experimental, ect

It involves both. We have to study the difference in results in two above cases.

What type of statistics was used in study, what are the results

There are two broad categories of statistics. They are descriptive and inferential statistics and are depicted in the following image. population values based upon sample data. The two types of statistics in this category are population parameter estimates and confidence intervals. The results are verification of estimation and true data.

Where the results significant, at what level significant?

One can say if the resulyts are significant or not by calculatipng p value. If calculated P value is less than critical p value then there is large significant difference or else no significant difference.

10)  What implications do the results have? What type of external validity is found in study?

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Ask in next question , since according to chegg rules only few parts should be answered and its not worth to give scolarly articles

www.statsci.org/journals.html

Link for journals

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