In a nuclear facility that processes radioactive wastes the plant management is

Question

In a nuclear facility that processes radioactive wastes the plant management is addressing a spill that involves a contamination by Cs-137 and Sr-90, with the following information. The air consists of particulates at a level of 10 muCi/m^3 (Cs-137) and 3 (muCi/m^3) (Sr-90); all respirable and in Class D. Assuming a worker also ingests contamination at a rate 1 muCi/hr (same for Cs-137 and Sr-90 each), as well subjected to an external dose rate of 20 mem/hr. The work plan is to compare the following two scenarios. Scenario I: under a regular working condition, the worker is scheduled to work 10 hours. And Scenario II: workers are to wear atmosphere-supplied respirator equipment (facepiece half, pressure demand). As such, the work hours have increased to 20 hours. And because of the protection by the respirator there will be no ingestion pathway for the workers for Scenario II. Answer the following questions. (6-a) Formulate your approach to the question for each scenario. (6.b) Estimate the doses from each applicable pathway (external, ingestion and inhalation) and the total dose received by the worker in each work scenario. (6-c) Discuss the ALARA measures to improve the dose exposures for the occupational workers involved.

Explanation / Answer

c)

Ways to reduce external radiation exposure

1. radiation dose can be reduced by reducing the time of exposure

2. Increasing the distance between the human and the source of radiation will reduce exposure

3. Use of radiation shields like lead shielding will reduce exposure further

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