Whereas domestication of livestock, pets, and crops is well documented, it is st

Question

Whereas domestication of livestock, pets, and crops is well documented, it is still unclear to what extent microbes associated with the production of food have also undergone human selection and where the plethora of industrial strains originates from. Here, we present the genomes and phenomes of 157 industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts. Our analyses reveal that today’s industrial yeasts can be divided into five sublineages that are genetically and phenotypically separated from wild strains and originate from only a few ancestors through complex patterns of domestication and local divergence. Large-scale phenotyping and genome analysis further show strong industry-specific selection for stress tolerance, sugar utilization, and flavor production, while the sexual cycle and other phenotypes related to survival in nature show decay, particularly in beer yeasts. Together, these results shed light on the origins, evolutionary history, and phenotypic diversity of industrial yeasts and provide a resource for further selection of superior strains.

What are the titles and who are the first authors of your editorial and your article?
Write a paragraph explaining what is being investigated in your article, and why?
Briefly describe (1 to 5 sentences) how the researchers are investigating their subject. (You may answer this in general or specific terms, as you see fit)
List 2 words you did not know the meaning of before reading the article and give their definitions in your own words.
What is something that you learned, understood, or “took away” from this exercise?

Explanation / Answer

Title: Domestication and Divergence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Beer Yeasts

Authors:

Gallone B, Steensels J, Prahl T, Soriaga L, Saels V, Herrera-Malaver B, Merlevede A, Roncoroni M,Voordeckers K, Miraglia L, Teiling C, Steffy B, Taylor M, Schwartz A, Richardson T, White C, Baele G, Maere S, Verstrepen KJ

-The article discuss about domestication of microorganism for human use apart from other domesticated animals. May organism have been phenotypically and genotypically modified in course of years for human use. More than 157 lineages of saccaromyces cerevisiae yeast have been developed over the years for human use, all these strains of yeast are used for industrial purpose after through genome analysis of these microorganisms.

- Researchers are analysis the genome of these strains further they are analyzing how these strains can be used with respect to stress tolerance, sugar utilization, and flavor production, while the sexual cycle and other phenotypes related to survival in nature show decay, particularly in beer yeasts. Most of scientists are concerned with high production of desired product within short time for these constant research programs are being done to improve the strain of yeast.

-Plethora: larger amount than in needed for stock purpose

-Backslopping: using previous fermented culture as starter culture on the raw materials.

-With course of evolution modern techniques and genetic engineering have been evolved to develop more commercial yielding strains for human use.

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse W
• Subjects

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.