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l AT&T; 1:38 PM 42%, 0, + Notes April 16, 2018 at 1:38 PM 5. In mammalian sex determination what is the difference between primary and secondary sex determination? What are the key regulators for each (hint: I am not looking for names of specific genes/ proteins)? b. For decades looked at as a binary system; you're either male or female. In recent years the discussion has begun that sex (and gender) is not binary and should be thought of more as a spectrum. Based on what you've learned this semester on sex determination, do you think the science is more supportive of a binary model or spectrum model and why? (you need to use the science to support your statements) sex (and gender) has beenExplanation / Answer
In mammals, primary sex determination is a function of sex chromosomes which determines gonadal sex. XX individuals are female and XY are male. The SRY gene is the testis determining factor on the Y-chromosome which produces several other genes involved in synthesizing steroid hormones and anti-Mullerian duct hormone to form testis.
Secondary sex determination in mammals involve hormones produced by the developing gonads. In females, the Mullerian duct differentiates into oviduct, uterus, cervix etc under estrogenic stimulation. In males, the AMH destroys mullerian duct and testosterone enables Wolffian duct to differentiate into vas deferens and seminal vesicle.
Sex is not binary but spectrum. It is much more complex and nuanced than people have long believed. There are certain people born with disorders of sexual development in which a person born with two X chromosomes has functioning penis. In Klinfelter syndrome,person is born with two X chromosome and one Y chromosome. Some possess 'ambigous genitalia'. A transgender is neither a man or woman according to chromosome number. Hence, scientists describe sex as a spectrum rather than a binary.
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