This study investigated the cognitive effects of stimulant medication in childre

Question

This study investigated the cognitive effects of stimulant medication in children with mental retardation and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. This case study shows the data for the Delay of Gratification (DOG) task. Children were given various dosages of a drug, methylphenidate (MPH) and then completed this task as part of a larger battery of tests. The order of doses was counterbalanced so that each dose appeared equally often in each position. For example, six children received the lowest dose first, six received it second, etc. The children were on each dose one week before testing.

This task, adapted from the preschool delay task of the Gordon Diagnostic System (Gordon, 1983), measures the ability to suppress or delay impulsive behavioral responses. Children were told that a star would appear on the computer screen if they waited “long enough” to press a response key. If a child responded sooner in less than four seconds after their previous response, they did not earn a star, and the 4-second counter restarted. The DOG differentiates children with and without ADHD of normal intelligence (e.g., Mayes et al., 2001), and is sensitive to MPH treatment in these children (Hall & Kataria, 1992).

17. (AT) What is the independent variable of this experiment? How many levels

does it have?

18. (AT) What is the dependent variable? On what scale (nominal, ordinal, interval,

ratio) was it measured?

3. If you are told only that you scored in the 80th percentile, do you know from

that description exactly how it was calculated? Explain.

Explanation / Answer

The independent variable would be the TREATMENT as it does not depend on any thisg else and would not be dependent on any other effect

Two levels :MENTAL RETARDATION and ADHD

Depndent variable must the cignitive functioning as it depends on the effect of drugs on children

Must be measured in terms of RATIO OF CHILDREN WITH AND WITHOUT ANY PROBLEM

3 ) Insufficient information to answer this part

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