Assume a researcher is interested in measuring the attitudes a particular popula

Question

Assume a researcher is interested in measuring the attitudes a particular population of cows hold about poetry. The researcher draws a random sample of 20 cows from the herd. Each cow is asked to rate the degree to which they like poetry using a single item 7-point numerical scale ranging from 1 (Strongly dislike poetry) to 7 (Strongly like poetry). The cows' attitudes were measured at two time points: once prior to the administration of a poetry appreciation intervention and once after. With respect to the intervention, cows were randomly assigned to one of two groups. One group attended a two hour poetry appreciation class and the other group served as a control group. The results of the study are presented in the table below. Use this data to conduct the analyses that would answer the reserach questions also below. For each analysis, report the appropriate group means, group standard deviations, t-values, degrees of freedom, sample size, level of significance, and describe the results obtained (e.g., did the groups significantly differ with respect to the attitude of interest).

a. Are the cows' pre-intervention and post-intervention poetry attitudes different from the poetry attitudes of the entire herd, estimated to be 4.00?

b. Are the cow's pre-intervention poetry attitudes different from the post-intervention attitudes, regardless of which intervention group they belong to?

c. Are the post-intervention attitudes toward poetry of the group that attended the poetry appreciation class significantly different from the post-intervention attitudes held by the control group?

d. Are the pre-intervention attitudes toward poetry of the group that attended the poetry appreciation class significantly different from the pre-intervention attitudes held by the control group?

Cow Pre-intervention poetry attitude Post-intervention poetry attitude Intervention Group: Poetry appreciation class vs. no class 1 1 1 Class 2 1 1 No Class 3 2 1 Class 4 2 2 No class 5 3 1 Class 6 3 3 No class 7 3 1 Class 8 3 3 No class 9 4 1 Class 10 4 4 No class 11 4 2 Class 12 4 4 No class 13 5 3 Class 14 5 5 No class 15 5 3 Class 15 5 5 No class 17 6 4 Class 18 6 6 No class 19 7 4 Class 20 7 7 No class

Explanation / Answer

for the given data lets find mean, standard deviation, degree of freedom, sample size

For Pre-intervention poetry :

Sample Size=20

Degree of freedom=n-1=19

mean=(1+1+2+2+3+3+3+3+4+4+4+4+5+5+5+5+6+6+7+7)/20

mean=4

standard deviation= 1.77

For Post-intervention poetry :

Sample Size=20

Degree of freedom=n-1=19

mean=(1+1+1+2+1+3+1+3+1+4+2+4+3+5+3+5+4+6+4+7)/20

mean=3.05

standard deviation= 1.82

For Entire Herd :

Sample Size=40

Degree of freedom=40-1=39

mean=(1+1+2+2+3+3+3+3+4+4+4+4+5+5+5+5+6+6+7+7+1+1+1+2+1+3+1+3+1+4+2+4+3+5+3+5+4+6+4+7)/40

mean=3.52

standard deviation= 1.8395

a)

The mean of pre-intervention and post -intervention poetry attitudes are 4 and 3.05 respectively, which are different from entire herd i.e. 3.52.

b)

Yes, the cow's pre-intervention poetry attitudes different from the post-intervention attitudes, regardless of which intervention group they belong to.

Difference=4-3.05=0.95

c)

Class Group

Pre-intervention

Mean=(1+2+3+3+4+4+5+5+6+7)/10

Mean=4

Post-intervention

Mean=(1+1+1+1+1+2+3+3+4+4)/10

Mean=2.1

No-Class Group or Control Group

Pre-intervention

Mean=(1+2+3+3+4+4+5+5+6+7)/10

Mean=4

Post-intervention

Mean=(1+2+3+3+4+4+5+5+6+7)/10

Mean=4

Yes,the post-intervention attitudes toward poetry of the group that attended the poetry appreciation class significantly different from the post-intervention attitudes held by the control group.

Difference=4-2.1=1.9

d)

No,the pre-intervention attitudes toward poetry of the group that attended the poetry appreciation class significantly same from the pre-intervention attitudes held by the control group i.e.4

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