A political scientist is interested in the relationship between someone\'s polit

Question

A political scientist is interested in the relationship between someone's political views and his or her optimism about the future. A random sample of 1, 092 American adults 18 and over was taken and the following questions were asked: What are your political views (conservative, moderate, liberal)? (This variable is called "POLITICS" for short) When your children are the age you are at right now, what do you believe their standard of living will be (worse, about the same, or better? s variable is called "OPTIMISM" for short). The researcher decides to conduct a chi-squared test of independence at the 0.05 level of significance. The data for the experiment are summarized in the following table: Using the observed counts and expected counts that are given to you, calculate the test statistic to two decimal places.

Explanation / Answer

Chi square test statistic is given by, 2 = [ (Or,c - Er,c)2 / Er,c ]

2 = [(120-107.71)2/107.71] + [(68-75.95)2/75.95] + [(189-193.33)2/193.33] + [(91-116.86)2/116.86] +
[(80-82.40)2/82.40] + [(238 - 209.74)2/209.74] + [(101-87.43)2/87.43] + [(72-61.65)2/61.65] + [(133-156.92)2/156.92]
= 19.42

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