A case-control (or retrospective) study was conducted to investigate a relations

Question

A case-control (or retrospective) study was conducted to investigate a relationship between the colors of helmets worn by motorcycle drivers and whether they are injured or killed in a crash. Results are given in the accompanying table. Using a 0.05 significance level, test the claim that injuries are independent of helmet color.

                                                       Color of Helmet

                                        Black     White    Yellow    Red    Blue

Controls (not injured):     503        352       28           159    100

Cases (injured or killed): 216        102       7             67      49

Identify the null and alternative hypotheses. Choose the correct answer below.

A. Upper H 0 H0: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are independent

    Upper H 1 H1: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are dependent

B. Upper H 0 H0: Injuries and helmet color are dependent

    Upper H 1 H1: Injuries and helmet color are independent

C. Upper H 0 H0: Injuries and helmet color are independent

    Upper H 1 H1: Injuries and helmet color are dependent

D. Upper H 0 H0: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are dependent

    Upper H 1 H1: Whether a crash occurs and helmet color are independent

Explanation / Answer

C. H0: Injuries and helmet color are independent

H1: Injuries and helmet color are dependent

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