Q1: You are interested in investigating whether gender (male, female) influences

Question

Q1: You are interested in investigating whether gender (male, female) influences whether people are optimistic (yes, no). In order to assess the strength of the association between these two variables, you use:

A.  a positive association test

B. a negative association test

C.  an association test of column percentages

D. Cramer's V

E. Phi

F. All of the above

Q2: A researcher is interested in the relationship between social class (measured as upper, middle, or lower) and support (measured as strong, moderate, or weak) for a program of welfare reform. An appropriate measure of association for these two variables would be

A. Spearman’s rho

B. Phi

C. Pearson’s r

D. Gamma

Q3: A study of the effects of fluoride in the water supply on level of calcium deficiency in women found a Spearman’s rho of +0.30. Our PRE for this relationship is

A. 30%

B. 90%

C. 3%

D. 9%

Explanation / Answer

If we are testing association between two attributes then we are always using Chi-square(Phi) test for independence of attributes.

Q1) Option E) is correct

Q2) Option B) is correct

Q3) Option A) is correct

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