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Although plant and animals are both eukaryotic, there are cellular differences between the two cells. For each cellular component or organelle below, indicate whether it is present in animal cells, in plant cells, or both.

1.plant cells only

2.both plant and animal cells

3.animal cells only

lysosomes

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smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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Golgi apparatus

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chloroplasts

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central vacuole

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mitochondria

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Question 2

For each of the following images of cells, identify whether it is a prokaryotic cell or a eukaryotic cell. (Images are not shown to the same scale.)

Question 3

Scientists can track the movement of proteins through the endomembrane system using an approach known as a pulse-chase experiment. This experiment involves

the pulse phase: Cells are exposed to a high concentration of a radioactively labeled amino acid for a short period to tag proteins that are being synthesized.

the chase phase: Any unincorporated radioactively labeled amino acids are washed away and large amounts of the same, but unlabeled, amino acid are added.

Only those proteins synthesized during the brief pulse phase are radioactively tagged. These tagged proteins can be tracked through the chase period to determine their location in the cell.

The data below were obtained from a pulse-chase experiment in which cells were examined at different times during the chase period. The numbers represent the radioactivity (measured in counts per minute) recorded at each of the indicated sites. The higher the number, the greater the radioactivity.

Based on these data, what of the following is the most likely function of the cells in this experiment?

Select one:

detoxification

muscle contraction

phagocytosis

secretion

Question 4

Select the best match to identify the cell component for each labeled area.

Question 5

Generally prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells only differ in size by about a factor of 10. The upper limit to the size of a cell is largely determined by _____________.

Larger cells in comparison to smaller cells have a __________________ ratio of surface area to volume.

The smaller the surface area of a cell, the ________________ is the exchange of molecules across the cell boundary.

Question 6

Below are two images of organelles present in eukaryotic cells.

Short answer questions should be one-word answers

Question 7

For each image, select the best match to identify the organelle shown.

lysosomes

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smooth endoplasmic reticulum

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Golgi apparatus

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chloroplasts

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central vacuole

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mitochondria

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Explanation / Answer

Lysosomes – both plant and animal cells

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: both plant and animal cells

Golgi apparatus: both plant and animal cells

Chloroplasts: plant cells only

Central vacuole: Plant cells only

Mitochondria: both plant and animal cells

Question 2: Pictures missing

Question 3: The proteins are localized into lysosomes after 120 min. Hence, the cell might have the function of phagocytosis, since phagocytic cells have lysosomes.

Question 4: Picture is missing

Question 5:

a) surface area to volume ratio

b) As the cell size increases, the surface area to volume ratio decreases

c) The higher/larger is the surface area, the more is the exchange of ions across the membrane

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