In each of these scenarios, are they more closely related to incidence or preval

Question

In each of these scenarios, are they more closely related to incidence or prevalence: a. the number of campers who developed gastroenteritis within a few days of eating potato salad at a dining hall? b. number of persons who reported having diabetes as part of the National Health Survey? c. Occurrence of acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) among participants in the first 10 years of a cohort study? d. Number of people who died and whose deaths were attributed to a Hurricane in the Pacific Islands? e. Number of children who have immunity to measles, either because they had the disease or because they received the vaccine? f. Proportion of 12- to 16-year-olds who have tried marijuana. g. Proportion of breast cancer patients who have BRCA mutations. h. Proportion of 3-6 year-olds currently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. i. Proportion of 3-6 year-olds who received a new diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder j. Proportion of women age 15 to 25 who tested positive for HIV for the first time in South Africa in 2010.

Explanation / Answer

Incidence is the rate of occurrence of new cases, whereas prevalence is the proportion of cases in the population.

a. The number of campers who developed gastroenteritis within a few days of eating potato salad at a dining hall - Incidence. (Ans).

b. Number of persons who reported having diabetes as part of the National Health Survey - Incidence. (Ans).

c. Occurrence of acute myocardial infarction (heart attack) among participants in the first 10 years of a cohort study - Incidence. (Ans).

d. Number of people who died and whose deaths were attributed to a Hurricane in the Pacific Islands - Incidence.

(Ans).

e. Number of children who have immunity to measles, either because they had the disease or because they received the vaccine - Incidence. (Ans).

f. Proportion of 12- to 16-year-olds who have tried marijuana - Prevalence. (Ans).

g. Proportion of breast cancer patients who have BRCA mutations - Prevalence. (Ans).

h. Proportion of 3-6 year-olds currently diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder - Prevalence. (Ans).

i. Proportion of 3-6 year-olds who received a new diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder - Prevalence. (Ans).

j. Proportion of women age 15 to 25 who tested positive for HIV for the first time in South Africa in 2010 - Prevalence. (Ans).

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