9.39 Can low-fat food labels lead to obesity? What are the effects of low-fat fo
ID: 3276213 • Letter: 9
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9.39 Can low-fat food labels lead to obesity? What are the effects of low-fat food labels on food consumption? Do people eat more of a snack food when the food is labeled as low-fat? The answer may depend both on whether the snack food is labeled low-fat and whether the label includes serving-size information. An experiment investigated this question using university staff, graduate students, and undergraduate students at a large university as subjects. Subjects were asked to evaluate a pilot episode for an upcoming TV show in a theater on campus and were given a cold 24-ounce bottle of water anda bag of granola from a respected campus restaurant called The Spice Box. They were told to enjoy as much or as little of the granola as they wanted. Depending on the condition randomly assigned to the subjects, the granola was labeled as either "Regular Rocky Mountain Granola" or "Low-Fat Rocky Mountain Granola." Below this, the label indicated "Contains 1 Serving," or "Contains 2 Servings," or it provided no serving-size information.29 Twenty subjects were assigned to each treatment, and their granola bags were weighed at the end of the session to determine how much granola was eaten. (a) What are the factors and the treatments? How many subjects does the experiment require? (b) Outline a completely randomized design for this experiment. (You need not actually do the randomization.)Explanation / Answer
a. Factor refer to a variable whose levels are manipulated by experimenter. Experiment attempts to discover the effects that differences in factor levels might have on the responses of the experimental units. Thus, factors in the experiment are type of granola nad type of servings. Treatments refer to the process, intervention or other controlled circumstances applied to randomly assigned experimental units. Since, factor type of granola has two levels and type of servings hs 3 levels, thus, in total there will be 2*3=6 treatments. The treatments are Regular Rocky Mountain granola-1 serving, Regular Rocky Mountain granola -2 serving, Regular Rocky Mountain granola-no serving information found, Low fat Rocky Mountain granola-1 serving, Low fat Rocky Mountain granola-2 serving, Low fat Rocky Mountain granola-no serving information found.
b. Assume 120 subjects were chosen and they are randomly assigned into six groups, with each group containing 20 subjects. To randomly assign 120 subjects label th esubjects with numbers 000-199. Then use random number generator or random number table to find first 20 subjects for group1 and so on. Then assign treatment1 to group1, treatment 2 to group2 and so on. Finally compare the weight of granola bags for six groups.
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