Problem 4 You made a great innovative machine, which can arrange each and every

Question

Problem 4 You made a great innovative machine, which can arrange each and every atom in the periodic table to make a structural material with a high accuracy and fast manufacturing speed. During launching the product for your ow by and asked for your help for his project. He recently initiated a new project and faced some issue., which cannot even solved by his engineers in SpaceX. In his new 'Go to Venus project, he wants to land a cube structure which can observe and monitor the Venus surface, but his module simply cannot endure the challenges the planet atmosphere has. The challenge items are as follows: n company, Elon Musk dropped Venus is a terrestrial planet and is sometimes called Earth's "sister planet" because of their similar size, mass, proximity to the Sun, and bulk composition. It is radically different from Earth in other respects. It has the densest atmosphere of the four terrestrial planets, consisting of more than 96% carbon dioxide The times that of Earth, or roughly the pressure found 900 m (3,000 ft) underwater on Earth. Venus is by far the hottest planet in the Solar System, with a mean surface temperature of 735 K (462 °C; 863 ), even though Mercury is closer to the Sun. Venus is shrouded by an opaque layer of highly reflective clouds of sulfuric acid, preventing its surface from at the planet's surface is 92 n from space in yisible light. (source: wikipidia) What will your advice to him and choice of material? Since you can design with any bonding or crystal structure you want, the module body can be a single or multilayer structure

Explanation / Answer

for the pressure P = 92*Pa = 92*1.01*10^5 Pa

temperature T = 735 K

the following suggestions are to be made regarding material to be used for the space rover

1. due to pressure, the volume change of the solid must be less than 0.1%

hence

for surface area A of the object

PV/dV = E ( bulk modulus of the material)

now dV/V = 0.1/100

so, E = 92*1.01*10^5*100/0.1 = 0.9292*10^10 Pa

hence the bulk modulus of the material must be greater than 0.9292*10^10 Pa

for thermal expansion, dl/l = 0.1%

then dl/l = alpha*dT

alpha = 0.1/100*dT

dT = 735 K apx

so, alpha = 0.1/100*735

hence alpha must be less than 1.36054*10^-6 per K for the material where alpha is coefficneit of thermal expansion

CO2 in the atmosphere means that the oxidation of the material is not a problem, but sulfuric acis in atmosphere means that corrision is likely to happen, hence the material should have high resistancve to corrosion due to acids, which can be obtained by using alloys with non metals included in the alloys which reduces the reactivity of the material towards corrosive liquids

Also, lack of sunlight in the atmosphere means that the power source of the rover can be thermal driven ( using temperature of the planet) instead using solar arrays (which use light for powering the modules)

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