1. A/an [ A ] availability of [ B ] is thought to occur in the skeletal muscle t
ID: 32859 • Letter: 1
Question
1. A/an [ A ] availability of [ B ] is thought to occur in the skeletal muscle to allow treppe to be observed.
A. (1) decreased (2) increased
B. (1) Ca++ (2) Na+ (3) Cl- (4) K+
2. In what way is frequency dependent wave summation similar to motor unit recruitment? Be brief and specific.
3. Distinguish between multiple motor unit summation and wave summation with respect to the force of contraction each is capable of developing. Contractions as a result of [ A ] are more than 200% greater than contractions resulting from [ B ]
A. (1) multiple motor unit summation (2) Wave summation
B. (1) multiple motor unit summation (2) Wave summation
4. Where is ATP required in contraction (shortening of the myofilaments)?
a) release of myosin head from binding site on actin molecule
b) active transport of Ca++ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
c) active transport of Ca++ into the sarcoplasm
d) power stroke
5. There are two steps where ATP is required for relazation. What are they?
a) release of myposin head from binding site on actin molecule
b) active transport of Ca++ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum
c) Active transport of Ca++ into the sarcoplasm
d) power stroke
6. [ A ] is the result of muscle stretch and elastic recoil, while [ B ] is the result of cross-bridge formation between mypfilaments.
A. (1) Active force (2) Passive force
B. (1) Active force (2) Passive force
Explanation / Answer
1.
An increased availability of Ca+2 is thought to occur in the skeletal muscle to allow treppe to be observed.
A. (2) increased
B. (1) Ca++
2.
When a skeletal muscle is repetitively stimulated, twitches overlap each other and result in stronger muscle contraction. This physical process is called wave summation. It increases the force produced in the muscle.
Another way of increasing the force produced in the muscle is by increasing the number of activated motor units i.e., by motor unit recruitment. Thus, they are similar.
3.
The multiple motor unit summation depends on the number of motor fibers available, while the wave summation depends on the stimulations provided by the nervous system, in order to develop force of contraction in muscle.
Contractions as a result of multiple motor unit summation are more than 200% greater than contractions resulting from Wave summation.
A. (1) multiple motor unit summation
B. (2) Wave summation
4.
ATP required in contraction that is shortening of the myofilaments, in particular during active transport of Ca++ into the sarcoplasm. Hence, the right answer is option (c).
5.
There are two steps where ATP is required for relaxation. They are
a) release of myosin head from binding site on actin molecule and
d) power stroke
6.
Passive force is the result of muscle stretch and elastic recoil, while Active force is the result of cross-bridge formation between myofilaments.
A. (2) Passive force
B. (1) Active force
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