34. A clinical trial was conducted using a new method designed to increase the p
ID: 3294874 • Letter: 3
Question
34. A clinical trial was conducted using a new method designed to increase the probability of conceiving a girl. As of this writing, 946 babies were born to parents using the new method, and 868 of them were girls. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the new method is effective in increasing the likelihood that a baby will be a girl. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, conclusion about the null hypothesis, and final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method and the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution. (a)what is the hypothesis test to be conducted? (b)What is the test statistic? (c) What is the P-value?
(c) What is the conclusion about the null hypothesis?
A.Fail to rejectFail to reject the null hypothesis because the P-value is less than or equal toless than or equal to the significance level, alpha.
B.Reject the null hypothesis because the P-value is greater thangreater than the significance level, alpha.
C.Fail to rejectFail to reject the null hypothesis because the P-value is greater thangreater than the significance level .
D.RejectReject the null hypothesis because the P-
(d)What is the final conclusion?
A.There isis sufficient evidence to support the claim that the new method is effective in increasing the likelihood that a baby will be a girl.
B.There is notis not sufficient evidence to support the claim that the new method is effective in increasing the likelihood that a baby will be a girl.
C.There isis sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the new method is effective in increasing the likelihood that a baby will be a girl.
D.There is notis not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the new method is effective in increasing the likelihood that a baby will be a girl.
36. In a study of 420,138 cell phone users, 106 subjects developed cancer of the brain or nervous system. Test the claim of a somewhat common belief that such cancers are affected by cell phone use. That is, test the claim that cell phone users develop cancer of the brain or nervous system at a rate that is different from the rate of 0.0340% for people who do not use cell phones. Because this issue has such great importance, use a 0.005 significance level. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, conclusion about the null hypothesis, and final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method and the normal distribution as an approximation to the binomial distribution.
(a)what is the hypothesis test to be conducted? (b)What is the test statistic? (c) What is the P-value?
(c) What is the conclusion about the null hypothesis?
A.Fail to rejectFail to reject the null hypothesis because the P-value is less than or equal toless than or equal to the significance level, alpha.
B.Reject the null hypothesis because the P-value is greater thangreater than the significance level, alpha.
C.Fail to rejectFail to reject the null hypothesis because the P-value is greater thangreater than the significance level .
D.RejectReject the null hypothesis because the P-
(d)What is the final conclusion?
A.There isis sufficient evidence to support the claim that the new method is effective in increasing the likelihood that a baby will be a girl.
B.There is notis not sufficient evidence to support the claim that the new method is effective in increasing the likelihood that a baby will be a girl.
C.There isis sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the new method is effective in increasing the likelihood that a baby will be a girl.
D.There is notis not sufficient evidence to warrant rejection of the claim that the new method is effective in increasing the likelihood that a baby will be a girl.
(37.) Trials in an experiment with a polygraph include 99 results that include 23 cases of wrong results and 76 cases of correct results. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that such polygraph results are correct less than 80% of the time. Identify the null hypothesis, alternative hypothesis, test statistic, P-value, conclusion about the null hypothesis, and final conclusion that addresses the original claim. Use the P-value method. Use the normal distribution as an approximation of the binomial distribution. (a) Let p be the population proportion of correct polygraph results. what is the null and alternative hypotheses?
(b)Identify the level of significance ? (c) what is the test statistic? (d) what is the p-value? (e)Determine if the test is left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed.
Explanation / Answer
Ho: p = 0.5
Ha: p > 0.5 (right tailed test)
Sample proportion = p^ = x/n = 868/946 = 0.9175
Standard error of p = SEp = sqrt [p*(1-p)/n]
= sqrt [0.5*0.5/946]
= 0.016256402
Test statistic = z = [p^-p] / SEp
= [0.9175-0.5] / 0.0162
= 25.6821
It is a right-tailed test.
So the p-value= P(Z>25.6821)=0 (from standard normal table)
It can be inferred that the new method is effective in increasing the likelihood that a baby will be a girl.
Reject the null hypothesis because the P-value lessthan alpha
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