In July 2010, a cross-sectional tuberculosis health risk survey was conducted in

Question

In July 2010, a cross-sectional tuberculosis health risk survey was conducted in several homeless shelters in the New York Metropolitan Area. One of the objectives of the survey was to estimate the prevalence of both tuberculosis (TB) and illegal drug (ID) use among the residents of the homeless shelters. In the study, 79 of the ID users tested positive for TB (28 women, 51 men). Among the non-drug users, 50 tested positive for TB (15 women, 35 men) Additional data collected from the study are as follows: What is the overall prevalence of illegal drug use (IDU) in this population? Does the prevalence of IDU differ between males and females? Calculate the prevalence separately for males and females and provide an interpretation for your findings. Discuss whether males or females have the greater burden of ID use in terms of 1) count data and 2) prevalence data. Note that having a greater burden does not necessarily mean that the difference is statistically or clinically significant. If you had limited public health resources to spend on programs to reduce the burden of ID use in homeless shelters and could only focus your efforts on one segment of the population, would you target males or females? Justify your choice with data. What is the prevalence of tuberculosis among IDUs? Is the prevalence of tuberculosis for males higher among IDUs or non-IDUs? Calculate the prevalence separately for male IDUs and non-IDUs and provide an interpretation for your findings.

Explanation / Answer

Prevalance is nothing but proportion

6) Prevalence of IDU = 131/360 = 0.364

7) Prevalence for males = 85/245 = 0.35

Prevalence for females = 46/115 = 0.4

Yes, Prevalence differs in males and females

8) In terms of count data males (85) have greater than females (46)

But

Prevalence for males = 85/245 = 0.35

Prevalence for females = 46/115 = 0.4

So, i would focus on females as the Prevalence is high among women.

9) Prevalence of TB among IDU = 79/131 = 0.603

10) Prevalence of TB among IDU (males) = 51/79 = 0.65

Prevalence of TB among Non - IDU (males) = 35/50 = 0.7

So, Prevalence is higher among Non - IDUs

Related Questions

Navigate

• Browse (All)
• Browse I
• Subjects

---

---

Integrity-first tutoring: explanations and feedback only — we do not complete graded work. Learn more.