5. A study published in 1990 (Am J Pub Health 80:p. 209-210) investigated the oc

Question

5. A study published in 1990 (Am J Pub Health 80:p. 209-210) investigated the occurrence of infection among prisoners in Nevada. of 1105 prison inmates who were tested for Hl admission followed for a tot uninfected inmates demonstrated evidence of new HIV infection. Assuming that the two prisoners were infected during their time in prison: V upon to the prison system, 36 were found to be infected. All uninfected prisoners were al of 1207 person-years and retested for HIV upon release from prison. Two of the Based on the above information, calculate the incidence rate of HIV infection among prisoners in the Nevada prisons. Express the incidence rate calculated in part a in terms of cases per 1000 person-years. Calculate the prevalence of HIV infection among the incoming prisoners in the Nevada prisoners under study. What is the size of the population at risk for HIV at the beginning of the study? a. b. c. d.

Explanation / Answer

a.

Incidence rate is defined as the number of new cases per population at risk in a given time period. Of the 1105 persons at risk two new cases care found to have HIV infection among prisioners in the Nevada prisons. Hence the incidence rate is ,

I = 2/1207 = 0.0017

b.

0.0017 of 1000 is equal to 1.7. Hence there were 1.7 cases per per 1000 person years..

c.

Prevalence rate would be given by,

P = 38/1105 = 0.0344

d.

There were 1105-36 = 1069 people who were at risk for HIV at the beginning of the study.

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