Questions 1-3 relate to one ccosystem, and questions 4-5 relate to another onc.

Question

Questions 1-3 relate to one ccosystem, and questions 4-5 relate to another onc. You may find it helpful to start out by drawing a box model that shows inputs, outputs, and storage in cach system, to help you conceptualize cach system. 1. (10 points) Below you are given the average monthly streamflow from the Saltzmann Creek watershed in Forest Park. If phosphate (PO concentration in the streamflow was found to average 0.165 mg/L throughout the year, estimate (a) the total volume of water (in L) and (b) the total mass of streamwater-exported PO (in kg of PO) leaving the watershed in an average year 0.493 1.669 348 2.631 2.349 2.014 2.486 1.358 0.500 0.333 0.199 0.191 May Jun Jul Nov Jan Feb Mar Sep 2. (10 points) Suppose that precipitation for an average year in the Saltzmann Creck watershed in Forest Park was 42 inches and that average Pconcentration in rainfall was 6.2x102 mg P/1L. Further, suppose that an average of dry fall P deposition rate was found to be 1.64x103 kg P ha hr. Suppose that in an average year it rains for a total of 1060 hours. Assume the drainage area of the watershed is 2.60x10 ha. What is the total mass of atmospheric P input to the watershed in a year?

Explanation / Answer

1.

First step is to find the year-average. For that add each month's value and divide by 12:

Therefore, the mean streamflow for the given year from the Saltzmann Creek watershed is:

a)

Q = 1.381 cfs

WKT, 1 cfs = 28.317 L/s

Therefore, Q = 1.381 * 28.317 = 39.106 L/s

So, on an average if the streamflow is 39.106 L per second then the yearly total flow in L would be this value multiplied by 86400s in a day and 365 days a year:

V = Q * time = 39.106 * 86400 * 365 = 1233246816 L = 1.23 billion L

b)

If average phosphate concentration is 0.165 mg/L, then total mass of streamwater exported PO43-,

Total mass of phosphate = Concentration * volume = 0.165 * 1233246816 = 203485724.64 mg = 203.5 kg

Month Mean Q (cfs) Oct 0.493 Nov 1.669 Dec 2.348 Jan 2.631 Feb 2.349 Mar 2.014 Apr 2.486 May 1.358 Jun 0.5 Jul 0.333 Aug 0.199 Sep 0.191 Average 1.381

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