Which of the following formulas is used to calculate the frequencies that one wo

Question

Which of the following formulas is used to calculate the frequencies that one would expect if the null hypothesis were true?

(Row marginal total + Column marginal total)/Grand total

(Row marginal total × Column marginal total)/Grand total

(Row marginal total – Column marginal total)/Grand total

(Row marginal total × Column marginal total)/Grand total

Which of the following formulas is used to calculate the frequencies that one would expect if the null hypothesis were true?

(Row marginal total + Column marginal total)/Grand total

(Row marginal total × Column marginal total)/Grand total

(Row marginal total – Column marginal total)/Grand total

(Row marginal total × Column marginal total)/Grand total

Explanation / Answer

Solution

If the null hypothesis were true, we would expect the cell frequencies to be proportional to the overall frequencies. This in turn means the column total frequency will be distributed among the cell within the column in proportion to the respective row total. Hence, expected frequency of a cell = respective

(Row marginal total × Column marginal total)/Grand total ANSWER option 2

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