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www-awh.aleks.com/alekscgi/x/isl.exe/1o u-lgNslkr7j8P3jH-lv-6txjbonmD2YV6av9y3x Assignments Book Gradebook rect cribed below, indicate whether it is a quantitative or a categorical dicate the level of measurement for the variable: nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio. Make s fic possible. Variable Type of variable Level of measurement O Nominal quantitative ordinal O categorical Interval O Nominal (a) Distance (in miles) from home to the nearest all-night Ratio Quantitative 10 ordinal (b) Temperature (ia degrees Fahrenheit O Categoricalaerval Nominal Ordinal OQuautitative (c) Native language OCategorical Intsrval Ratio Help Next >> Explain

Explanation / Answer

Quantitative variables are numerical variables: counts, percents, or numbers. Categorical variables are descriptions of groups or things, like “breeds of dog” or “voting preference”

Level of measurement

Nominal is hardly measurement. It refers to quality more than quantity. A nominal level of measurement is simply a matter of distinguishing by name, e.g., 1 = male, 2 = female. Even though we are using the numbers 1 and 2, they do not denote quantity. The binary category of 0 and 1 used for computers is a nominal level of measurement. They are categories or classifications. Nominal measurement is like using categorical levels of variables.

Ordinal refers to order in measurement. An ordinal scale indicates direction, in addition to providing nominal information. Low/Medium/High; or Faster/Slower are examples of ordinal levels of measurement. Ranking an experience as a "nine" on a scale of 1 to 10 tells us that it was higher than an experience ranked as a "six." Many psychological scales or inventories are at the ordinal level of measurement.

Interval scales provide information about order, and also possess equal intervals. From the previous example, if we knew that the distance between 1 and 2 was the same as that between 7 and 8 on our 10-point rating scale, then we would have an interval scale. An example of an interval scale is temperature, either measured on a Fahrenheit or Celsius scale. A degree represents the same underlying amount of heat, regardless of where it occurs on the scale. Measured in Fahrenheit units, the difference between a temperature of 46 and 42 is the same as the difference between 72 and 68. Equal-interval scales of measurement can be devised for opinions and attitudes. Constructing them involves an understanding of mathematical and statistical principles beyond those covered in this course. But it is important to understand the different levels of measurement when using and interpreting scales.

In addition to possessing the qualities of nominal, ordinal, and interval scales, a ratio scale has an absolute zero (a point where none of the quality being measured exists). Using a ratio scale permits comparisons such as being twice as high, or one-half as much. Reaction time (how long it takes to respond to a signal of some sort) uses a ratio scale of measurement -- time. Although an individual's reaction time is always greater than zero, we conceptualize a zero point in time, and can state that a response of 24 milliseconds is twice as fast as a response time of 48 milliseconds.

Based on this definitions

a. Distance is quantitave and interval level of measurement

b. Temperature is quantitave and interval level of measurement

c. Native language is categorical and nominal level of measurement.

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