Some studies show that people who think they are intoxicated will show signs of
ID: 3326962 • Letter: S
Question
Some studies show that people who think they are intoxicated will show signs of intoxication, even if they did not consume alcohol. To test whether this is true, researchers had a group of five adults consume nonalcoholic drinks, which they were told contained alcohol. The participants completed a standard driving test before drinking and then after one nonalcoholic drink and after five nonalcoholic drinks. A standard driving test was conducted in a school parking lot where the participants had to maneuver through traffic cones. The number of cones knocked over during each test was recorded. The following table lists the data for this hypothetical study.
(a) Complete the F-table. (Round your answers to two decimal places.)
(b) Compute a Bonferroni procedure and interpret the results. (Assume experimentwise alpha equal to 0.05. Select all that apply.)
Students knocked over significantly more cones after 1 nonalcoholic drink compared with the driving test prior to drinking.Students knocked over significantly more cones after 5 nonalcoholic drinks compared with the driving test after 1 nonalcoholic drink.There were no significant differences between any of the groups.Students knocked over significantly more cones after 5 nonalcoholic drinks compared with the driving test prior to drinking.
Driving Test BeforeDrinking After One
Drink After Five
Drinks 0 0 3 0 1 2 1 2 4 3 2 5 0 1 0
Explanation / Answer
Result: MINITAB used
Source
DF
SS
MS
F-Value
P-Value
group
2
11.200
5.6000
6.59
0.020
person
4
17.600
4.4000
5.18
0.023
Error
8
6.800
0.8500
Total
14
35.600
Comparisons for number of cones
Bonferroni Pairwise Comparisons: group
Grouping Information Using the Bonferroni Method and 95% Confidence
group
N
Mean
Grouping
3
5
2.8
A
2
5
1.2
A
B
1
5
0.8
B
Means that do not share a letter are significantly different.
Students knocked over significantly more cones after 1 nonalcoholic drink compared with the driving test prior to drinking.
Students knocked over significantly more cones after 5 nonalcoholic drinks compared with the driving test after 1 nonalcoholic drink.
There were no significant differences between any of the groups.
Answer: Students knocked over significantly more cones after 5 nonalcoholic drinks compared with the driving test prior to drinking.
General Linear Model: number of cones versus person, group
Method
Factor coding
(-1, 0, +1)
Factor Information
Factor
Type
Levels
Values
person
Random
5
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
group
Fixed
3
1, 2, 3
Analysis of Variance
Source
DF
Adj SS
Adj MS
F-Value
P-Value
person
4
17.600
4.4000
5.18
0.023
group
2
11.200
5.6000
6.59
0.020
Error
8
6.800
0.8500
Total
14
35.600
Model Summary
S
R-sq
R-sq(adj)
R-sq(pred)
0.921954
80.90%
66.57%
32.85%
Coefficients
Term
Coef
SE Coef
T-Value
P-Value
VIF
Constant
1.600
0.238
6.72
0.000
person
1
-0.600
0.476
-1.26
0.243
*
2
-0.600
0.476
-1.26
0.243
*
3
0.733
0.476
1.54
0.162
*
4
1.733
0.476
3.64
0.007
*
group
1
-0.800
0.337
-2.38
0.045
1.33
2
-0.400
0.337
-1.19
0.269
1.33
Regression Equation
number of cones
=
1.600 - 0.600 person_1 - 0.600 person_2 + 0.733 person_3 + 1.733 person_4
- 1.267 person_5 - 0.800 group_1 - 0.400 group_2 + 1.200 group_3
Equation treats random terms as though they are fixed.
Fits and Diagnostics for Unusual Observations
Obs
number
of cones
Fit
Resid
Std Resid
15
0.000
1.533
-1.533
-2.28
R
R Large residual
Expected Mean Squares, using Adjusted SS
Source
Expected Mean Square
for Each Term
1
person
(3) + 3.0000 (1)
2
group
(3) + Q[2]
3
Error
(3)
Error Terms for Tests, using Adjusted SS
Source
Error DF
Error MS
Synthesis
of Error MS
1
person
8.00
0.8500
(3)
2
group
8.00
0.8500
(3)
Variance Components, using Adjusted SS
Source
Variance
% of Total
StDev
% of Total
person
1.18333
58.20%
1.08781
76.29%
Error
0.85
41.80%
0.92195
64.66%
Total
2.03333
1.42595
Source
DF
SS
MS
F-Value
P-Value
group
2
11.200
5.6000
6.59
0.020
person
4
17.600
4.4000
5.18
0.023
Error
8
6.800
0.8500
Total
14
35.600
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