A clinical trial is run to look at the efficacy of a new blood pressure drug. Pa
ID: 3350962 • Letter: A
Question
A clinical trial is run to look at the efficacy of a new blood pressure drug. Patients with a diagnosis of hypertension (high blood pressure) are recruited to participate in the trial and randomized to receive either the new drug or placebo. Participants take the assigned drug for 12 weeks and their blood pressure status is recorded. At the end of the trial, participants are classified as still having hypertension or not. The data are shown here:
Group
Number with Hypertension at 12 weeks
Number Free of Hypertension at 12 Weeks
Placebo
44
6
New Drug
36
14
1.What was the prevalence of hypertension at the start of the trial?
2.What was the prevalence of hypertension at the end of the trial?
3.What was the incidence of recovery over the course of the trial?
4.Compute the relative risk of hypertension, comparing the new drug and the placebo.
5.Based on the results above, what can you conclude about the efficacy of the new drug?
Group
Number with Hypertension at 12 weeks
Number Free of Hypertension at 12 Weeks
Placebo
44
6
New Drug
36
14
Explanation / Answer
Answer:
Based on the given data:
This is a 2x2 contingency table.
What was the prevalence of hypertension at the start of the trial?
2.What was the prevalence of hypertension at the end of the trial?
3.What was the incidence of recovery over the course of the trial?
4.Compute the relative risk of hypertension, comparing the new drug and the placebo.
5.Based on the results above, what can you conclude about the efficacy of the new drug?
Contigency 2 X 2 table Group Number with Hypertension at 12 weeks (Disease) Number Free of Hypertension at 12 weeks (No Disease) Total New Drug (Exposed) 36 (a) 14 (b) 50 (a + b) Placebo (Unexposed) 44 (c) 6 (d) 50 (c + d) Total 80 (a + c) 20 (b+d) 100 (a+b+c+d)Related Questions
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