In January, 1st, 1990, investigator A took a simple random sample of 1,050 adult
ID: 3353195 • Letter: I
Question
In January, 1st, 1990, investigator A took a simple random sample of 1,050 adults from an urban community of 100,000. After examining the entire study population of 1,050, she had detected 50 cases of diabetes, a chronic disease for which there is no recovery or cure. In January, 1st , 1995 (5 years later), she re-examined all of the participants from her original study population. Thirty new cases of diabetes were identified. Ten subjects died (showed in the Table 2) during the 5 years. One person (No. 7) died from diabetes. No one was lost to follow up.
1) Please calculate the prevalence rate of disease Q in 1990 and in 1995 (2 points).
2) Please calculate the cumulative incidence rate of diseases Q from 1990 to 1995 (1 point);
3) Please calculate the incidence density for disease Q (2 points).
Table 2. The exact dates for all deaths between January, 1st 1990-January, 1st, 1995.
NO
Death date
Causes of Death
1
1991-01-8
Other reasons
2
1992-09-01
Other reasons
3
1992-12-01
Other reasons
4
1993-02-03
Other reasons
5
1993-12-11
Other reasons
6
1993-12-31
Other reasons
7
1994-05-01
Diabetes
8
1994-05-25
Other reasons
9
1994-06-30
Other reasons
10
1994-08-13
Other reasons
NO
Death date
Causes of Death
1
1991-01-8
Other reasons
2
1992-09-01
Other reasons
3
1992-12-01
Other reasons
4
1993-02-03
Other reasons
5
1993-12-11
Other reasons
6
1993-12-31
Other reasons
7
1994-05-01
Diabetes
8
1994-05-25
Other reasons
9
1994-06-30
Other reasons
10
1994-08-13
Other reasons
Explanation / Answer
Total selected People = 1050
In 1990 Diabetics patient = n1 = 50
In 1995 Dibetics patient = n2 = 50+30 = 80
Prevalence Rate = [(no. of dibetics patient) / (Total of sample)] * 100
Cumulative Incidence Rate = [(no. of new dibetics cases) / (Total of sample - Initial knowen patient)] * 100
Incidence Density = (no.of new cases) / (Total of sample per time unit)
For Year 1990:
Prevalance Rate = [50/1050] * 100
= 4.7619 %
For Year 1995:
Prevalance Rate = [80/1050] * 100
= 7.6190 %
I.e Prevalance rate is increased (2.85%) in the year 1995
2) Cumulative Incidence Rate = [ 30/1000] * 100
= 3 %
Incidence Rate is 3% in last five year from 1990 to 1995
3) Incidence Density = 30/5 -Year
= 6 per Year
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